{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T19:08:23Z","timestamp":1762542503254},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]],"date-time":"2016-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"none reported"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>In contrast to adults, coccidioidomycosis is a rare disease in infants and the mechanisms of disease acquisition are not well described in infants. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis in infants in an endemic area.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a retrospective observational study of all patients less than 12 months of age admitted to a tertiary free standing children's hospital from 2003\u20132012 diagnosed with coccidioidomycosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirteen infants were hospitalized during the study period. The majority of the patients presented with upper and\/or lower respiratory tract infection. The most common presenting symptoms included fever (77%), cough (61%), and respiratory distress (38%). Disseminated disease, included pericardial effusion, neck abscess, and lesions in the cerebellum, basal ganglia and left temporoparietal skull. Fluconazole was the initial, antifungal agent used. Amphotericin B was reserved for significant lung disease and disseminated cases. Failed response to fluconazole and amphotericin B were treated with a combination of voriconazole and caspofungin. Average length of treatment was 4 years. All patients survived to hospital discharge. The majority of the patients had resolution of chest radiograph and coccidiodal complement fixing antibody titers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infant coccidioidomycosis has a non\u2010specific presentation and can mimic common infant respiratory illnesses. In endemic areas, coccidioidomycosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of infants with pulmonary symptoms unresponsive to conventional treatment. <jats:bold>Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:858\u2013862<\/jats:bold>. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.23387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]],"date-time":"2016-02-01T16:04:55Z","timestamp":1454342695000},"page":"858-862","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Coccidioidomycosis in infants: A retrospective case series"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Jessica M.","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California at San Francisco Fresno California"},{"name":"Valley Children's Hospital Madera California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Lia","family":"Graciano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California at San Francisco Fresno California"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Valley Children's Hospital Madera California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lukasz","family":"Dabrowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California at San Francisco Fresno California"},{"name":"Southern Illinois Healthcare Carbondale Illinois"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brenik","family":"Kuzmic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Valley Children's Hospital Madera California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary Anne","family":"Tablizo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California at San Francisco Fresno California"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonology Valley Children's Hospital Madera California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"153","article-title":"Coccidioidomycosis","volume":"159","author":"Galgiani JN","year":"1993","journal-title":"West J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","unstructured":"TabnakmF NguyenA LeeL SondermeyerG VugiaD. Epidemiologic Summary of Coccidiodomycosis in California 2009\u20132012 [Internet]. (CA): California Department of Health Surveillance and Statistics Section; 2013. [cited 2015 April 18]. Available fromhttps:\/\/www.cdph.ca.gov\/programs\/sss\/Documents\/CocciEpiSummary09\u201312.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/srin.2001.29322"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02230-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/430092"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199504203321607"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","first-page":"87","article-title":"Pulmonary manifestations of coccidioidomycosis","volume":"45","author":"Jill SL","year":"1994","journal-title":"Can Assoc Radiol J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","first-page":"302","volume-title":"RedBook: Report of the committee on infectious diseases","author":"Pickering LK","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/313747"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit113"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit114"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fppul.23387","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fppul.23387","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ppul.23387","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T14:05:13Z","timestamp":1696514713000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ppul.23387"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ppul.23387"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ppul.23387","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-6863","1099-0496"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-6863","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0496","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}}}