{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T11:00:25Z","timestamp":1778756425530,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,13]],"date-time":"2016-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1476316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005744","name":"Foundation for Pediatric Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005744","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Introduction: Early origins of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have been recognized. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is suitable for assessment of lung function also in preschool children, and some novel indices have been connected to assessment of small airway function. However, limited data exist on the sensitivity of these new indices to detect lung function deficits in young symptomatic children. Methods: IOS measurements of 103 healthy preschool children were evaluated to establish reference equations for the difference between respiratory resistance at 5 and 20\u2009Hz (R5\u201020), the relative difference of R5\u201020 (R5\u201020%), and area under the reactance curve (AX). Thereafter, IOS results of children with late\u2010onset troublesome lung symptoms (n\u2009=\u200920), a history of early wheeze (n\u2009=\u200937), or a history of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD, n\u2009=\u20098) were compared to healthy children. Results: None of the patient groups differed from healthy regarding respiratory resistance at 5\u2009Hz (R5), and only children with a history of BPD differed from healthy regarding respiratory reactance at 5\u2009Hz (X5). In contrast, z\u2010scores of R5\u201020, R5\u201020%, and AX were significantly higher in all patient groups than in healthy children (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), showing improved sensitivity (20\u201355%) compared to R5 and X5 (5\u20136%). Conclusion: R5\u201020, R5\u201020%, and AX are superior to conventional IOS parameters in distinguishing children with current or past lower respiratory tract symptoms from healthy, and may prove valuable for screening early lung function deficits. <jats:bold>Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:598\u2013605.<\/jats:bold> \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.23627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,14]],"date-time":"2016-10-14T02:40:52Z","timestamp":1476412852000},"page":"598-605","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Sensitivity of newly defined impulse oscillometry indices in preschool children"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Hanna","family":"Knihtil\u00e4","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit of the Department of Allergology Skin and Allergy Hospital University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Kotaniemi\u2010Syrj\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit of the Department of Allergology Skin and Allergy Hospital University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna S.","family":"Pelkonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit of the Department of Allergology Skin and Allergy Hospital University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satu","family":"Kalliola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit of the Department of Allergology Skin and Allergy Hospital University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mika J.","family":"M\u00e4kel\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit of the Department of Allergology Skin and Allergy Hospital University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. 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