{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T02:46:51Z","timestamp":1773283611497,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,13]],"date-time":"2017-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1499904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is one of the most lethal diseases encountered in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). The etiological pathogens and prognostic factors of severe ARDS of pulmonary origin in children with respiratory virus infections were prospectively investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Enrolled children fulfilled the following criteria: (1) PICU admission; (2) age of 1 month to 16 years; (3) diagnosis of infectious pneumonia and respiratory virus infection; and (4) development of severe ARDS within 72\u2009h after PICU admission. Pathogens were detected in the blood and tracheal lavage fluid using molecular techniques and a conventional culture system. The serum levels of inflammatory mediators on the day of PICU admission were examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010seven patients (32 boys; median age, 9 months) were enrolled. Multiple virus infections, co\u2010infection with bacteria\/fungus, and bacteremia\/fungemia were observed in 60%, 49%, and 32% of children, respectively. Adenovirus\u2010B, measles virus, and cytomegalovirus were detected predominantly in tracheal lavage fluid. There were no statistically significant differences between non\u2010survivors and survivors regarding the types of pathogen, incidence of multiple virus infection, gender, age, clinical features, and treatment. The serum levels of interferon (IFN)\u2010\u03b3 and the IFN\u2010\u03b3\/interleukin (IL)\u201010 ratio were higher in non\u2010survivors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>IFN\u2010\u03b3 upregulation as detected on the day of PICU admission was found to be one of the possible prognostic factors affecting a fatal outcome. These results suggest that modulation of inflammatory responses is critical for the clinical management of children with ARDS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.23694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,13]],"date-time":"2017-07-13T12:37:49Z","timestamp":1499949469000},"page":"1469-1477","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Pathogen screening and prognostic factors in children with severe ARDS of pulmonary origin"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Thuy Thi Bich","family":"Phung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research of Biomolecular for Infectious Disease Vietnam National Children's Hospital Hanoi Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadaki","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology National Institute of Infectious Diseases Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phuc Huu","family":"Phan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Intensive Care Unit Vietanm National Children's Hospital Hanoi Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shoji","family":"Kawachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care National Center for Global Health and Medicine Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Furuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine Center for Molecular Prevention and Environmental Medicine Isehara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huong Thu","family":"Do","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research of Biomolecular for Infectious Disease Vietnam National Children's Hospital Hanoi Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Kageyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Virus Research Center National Institute of Infectious Diseases Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tuan Anh","family":"Ta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Intensive Care Unit Vietanm National Children's Hospital Hanoi Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nam Huu","family":"Dao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Intensive Care Unit Vietanm National Children's Hospital Hanoi Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Nunoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Division of Pediatrics, Department of Developmental and Urinological\u2010Reproductive Medicine University of Miyazaki Miyazaki Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dien Minh","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgeon Intensive Care Unit Vietnam National Children's Hospital Hanoi Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai Thanh","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Vietnam National Children's Hospital Hanoi Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1824-0603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noriko","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology National Institute of Infectious Diseases Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200005043421806"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI60331"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"WHO\/Pneumonia Pneumonia Fact Sheet. 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