{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:07:48Z","timestamp":1791616068927,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,30]],"date-time":"2018-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532908800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"AbbVie GmbH, Vienna, Austria"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aim of this study was to analyze whether children with objectively measured second\u2010hand cigarette smoke (SHS) exposure suffer from a more severe course of disease when hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, Wilhelminen\u2010Hospital, Vienna, Austria in children aged below 1 year without a history of preceding lung disease and with acute symptoms of LRTI and a positive nasopharyngeal swab for RSV. On admission, urinary cotinine was measured as a marker of recent SHS and clinical severity of LRTI was assessed by oxygen saturation SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>and the \u201cadmission clinical severity score\u201d (CSSA). Parents\/caregivers were asked to complete a customized questionnaire assessing risks for SHS and demographic characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After inclusion of 217 patients, data of 185 patients with a mean (SD) age of 106 days (80) were analyzed. Twenty\u2010five patients (13.5%) were \u201ccotinine\u2010positive\u201d (COT+) defined as a urinary cotinine level of \u22657\u2009\u03bcg\/L. SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>on admission was significantly lower in children recently exposed to SHS defined objectively by COT+ (94.8%\u2009 \u00b12.0) in urine on admission compared to children not recently exposed (COT\u2212) (96.8%\u2009\u00b13.0;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Disease severity, assessed via mean clinical severity score on admission (CSSA) for COT+ and COT\u2212 was 2.56 and 1.71, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent exposure to SHS was associated with lower O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>saturation and higher clinical severity score, measured by urine cotinine levels in children hospitalized for RSV infection under 1 year of age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]],"date-time":"2018-07-31T05:48:21Z","timestamp":1533016101000},"page":"1299-1306","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Increased severity of respiratory syncytial virus airway infection due to passive smoke exposure"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1830-5833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clemens","family":"Maedel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Teaching Hospital of the University of Vienna Wilhelminen Hospital Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Kainz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Teaching Hospital of the University of Vienna Wilhelminen Hospital Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Frischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Teaching Hospital of the University of Vienna Wilhelminen Hospital Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine (Medical School) Sigmund Freud University Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Reinweber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vienna Hospital Association Clinical Research Center Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0511-2138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Zacharasiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Teaching Hospital of the University of Vienna Wilhelminen Hospital Vienna 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