{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:53:25Z","timestamp":1790812405567,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,19]],"date-time":"2019-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Endobronchial ultrasound\u2010guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS\u2010TBNA) and endoscopic ultrasound with an echobronchoscope\u2010guided fine needle aspiration (EUS\u2010B\u2010FNA) are useful modalities in the evaluation of mediastinal pathologies in adults. However, sparse data are available in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the utility and safety of EBUS\u2010TBNA and EUS\u2010B\u2010FNA in children with mediastinal pathologies of unknown etiology<jats:bold>.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chart review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pediatric Chest and Tuberculosis Clinics, Department of Pediatrics, AIIMS, New Delhi from May 2015 to March 2018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children &lt;18 years of age with mediastinal pathologies of undefined etiology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case records of children who underwent EBUS\u2010TBNA and EUS\u2010B\u2010FNA were reviewed. Data on demographic profile, clinical features, laboratory investigations, the technique of EBUS\u2010TBNA\/ EUS \u2013B\u2010 FNA, complications, and findings were collected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty children (19 males) with mean (SD) age of 9.6 (\u00b13.5) years underwent endobronchial procedures. Median (IQR) weight(kg) and height(cm) were 29\u00a0(19.5,\u00a035) and 134\u00a0(125,\u00a0150) respectively. Tuberculosis was the most common preprocedure clinical diagnosis\u00a0(73.3%), followed by lymphoma\u00a0(13.3%). Presenting features were fever (80%), cough (53.3%), hepatomegaly (13%), peripheral lymphadenopathy (21.7%), and positive tuberculin skin test (63.3%). Approximately one fourth were on antitubercular therapy without definite evidence of TB. Conscious sedation was used for the procedures: midazolam and fentanyl (n\u2009=\u200922), propofol\u00a0(n\u2009=\u20098). Transesophageal, transtracheal, and both routes were used in 20\u00a0(66.6%), 7\u00a0(23.3%), and 3\u00a0(10.1%), respectively. Lymph\u2010nodes were sampled in 24 children (subcarinal in 16, right paratracheal in 4 and both in 4). Mean (SD) size of lymph node (in cm) on EBUS was 1.93(\u00b10.5) and median (IQR) number of FNAC needle passes per node were 2\u00a0(2,\u00a04). The diagnosis was confirmed in 11 (36.6%, tuberculosis in 10 by GeneXpert\/\u00a0MGIT\/\u00a0cytopath and lymphoma in one) patients. Only 3.3% had a minor complication.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>EBUS\u2010TBNA and EUS\u2010B\u2010FNA are helpful in children with undiagnosed mediastinal pathology with fair diagnostic yield and excellent patient safety profile.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,20]],"date-time":"2019-03-20T05:37:11Z","timestamp":1553060231000},"page":"881-885","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Utility and safety of endobronchial ultrasound\u2010guided transbronchial needle aspiration and endoscopic ultrasound with an echobronchoscope\u2010guided fine needle aspiration in children with mediastinal pathology"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5031-5754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krishna Mohan","family":"Gulla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ganganath","family":"Gunathilaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3642-246X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kana Ram","family":"Jat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jhuma","family":"Sankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics All India Institute of 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