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Children less than 5\u2010years\u2010old hospitalized with CAP were recruited. Viral or only bacterial infection was diagnosed by an investigation of 11 viruses and 8 bacteria. Bacterial infection was diagnosed by blood culture, detection of pneumococcal DNA in acute buffy coat, and serological tests. Viral infection was diagnosed by detection of respiratory virus in nasopharyngeal aspirate and serological tests. Viral infection comprised only viral or mixed viral\u2010bacterial infection subgroups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and eighty\u2010eight patients had a probable etiology established as only viral (51.6%), mixed viral\u2010bacterial (30.9%), and only bacterial infection (17.5%). Asthma was registered for 21.4%. Report of wheezing (47.4% vs 21.2%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006), rhonchi (38.0% vs 15.2%; \n<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01), and wheezing detected on physical examination (51.0% vs 9.1%; \n<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) were the differences found. Among children with asthma, detected wheezing was the only different finding when children with viral infection were compared with those with only bacterial infection (75.0% vs 0%; \n<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008). By multivariable analysis, viral infection (AdjOR [95% CI]: 9.6; 95%CI: 2.7\u201034.0), asthma (AdjOR [95% CI]: 4.6; 95%CI: 1.9\u201011.0), and age (AdjOR [95% CI]: 0.95; 95%CI: 0.92\u20100.97) were independently associated with wheezing on physical examination. The positive predictive value of detected wheezing for viral infection was 96.3% (95% CI: 90.4\u201099.1%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Wheezing detected on physical examination is an independent predictor of viral infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,20]],"date-time":"2019-04-20T04:15:08Z","timestamp":1555733708000},"page":"1022-1028","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Wheezing independently predicts viral infection in children with community\u2010acquired pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9678-0771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda C.","family":"Nascimento\u2010Carvalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bahiana School of Medicine Bahiana Foundation for Science Development Salvador Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olli","family":"Ruuskanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Turku University Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiana M.","family":"Nascimento\u2010Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Federal University of Bahia School of Medicine Salvador Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61901-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir1053"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61459-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02813430310000573"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199506000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcpr.2002.0443"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000171"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.2.584-587.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsim.2004.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.7.2081-2083.1998","article-title":"Molecular diagnosis of human rhinovirus infection: comparison with virus isolation","volume":"36","author":"Hyypi\u00e4 T","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.2.539-542.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181ce8e81"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181723751"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2009.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-2659.2011.00206.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.22268"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_18_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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