{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T05:01:59Z","timestamp":1771045319477,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]],"date-time":"2019-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Airway wall thickening and mucus plugging are important characteristics of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease in the first 5 years of life.The aim of this study is to investigate the association of lung disease in preschool children (age, 2\u20106) with bronchiectasis and other clinical outcome measures in the school age (age &gt;7). Deidentified computed tomography\u2010scans were annotated using Perth\u2010Rotterdam annotated grid morphometric analysis for CF. Preschool %disease (a composite score of %airway wall thickening, %mucus plugging, and %bronchiectasis) and %MUPAT (a composite score of %airway wall thickening and %mucus plugging) were used as predictors for %bronchiectasis and several other school\u2010age clinical outcomes. For statistical analysis, we used regression analysis, linear mixed\u2010effects models and two\u2010way mixed models. Sixty\u2010one patients were included. %Disease increased significantly with age (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2009&lt;\u2009\u2009.01). Preschool %disease and %MUPAT were significantly associated with school\u2010age %bronchiectasis (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2009&lt;\u2009\u2009.01 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2009&lt;\u2009\u2009.01, respectively). No significant association was found between preschool %disease and %MUPAT and school\u2010age forced expiratory volume 1 (FEV1%) predicted and quality of life (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2009&gt;\u2009\u2009.05). Cross\u2010sectional, %disease in school\u2010age was associated with a low FEV1% predicted and low quality of life (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2009=\u2009\u2009.01 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2009=\u2009\u2009.007, respectively). %Disease can be considered an early marker of diffuse airways disease and is a risk factor for school\u2010age bronchiectasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]],"date-time":"2019-09-09T07:15:16Z","timestamp":1568013316000},"page":"141-148","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Airway disease on chest computed tomography of preschool children with cystic fibrosis is associated with school\u2010age bronchiectasis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6053-7534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nynke R.","family":"Bouma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology Sophia Children's Hospital Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hettie M.","family":"Janssens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology Sophia Children's Hospital Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleni\u2010Rosalina","family":"Andrinopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harm A. 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