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Further, how long\u2010term SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> affects Puerto Rican children living in the island of Puerto Rico, a group with high asthma prevalence, is unclear. We evaluated the effects of annual average 1\u2010hour daily maximum SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> average on asthma, atopy, total immunoglobulin E (IgE), and lung function in Puerto Rican children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cohort of 678 children (351 with asthma, 327 without asthma) was recruited in Puerto Rico from 2009 to 2010. Annual average 1\u2010hour daily maximum SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exposure was interpolated utilizing publicly available monitoring data. Multivariable logistic and linear regression was used for the analysis of asthma, atopy (defined as an IgE \u22650.35 IU\/mL to at least one of five common aero\u2010allergens), total IgE, and lung function measures (forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in 1\u2009second [FEV1], and FEV1\/FVC ratio).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Annual SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exposure (per 1\u2009ppb) was significantly associated with asthma (odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20091.42; 95% confidence interval [CI]\u2009=\u20091.05\u20101.91) and atopy (OR\u2009=\u20091.35; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.02\u20101.78). Such exposure was also significantly associated with lower FEV1\/FVC in all children (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22121.42; 95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u22122.78 to \u22120.08) and in children with asthma (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22122.39; 95% CI=\u2009\u22124.31 to \u22120.46). Annual SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exposure was not significantly associated with total IgE, FEV1, or FVC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among Puerto Rican children in Puerto Rico, long\u2010term SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exposure is linked to asthma and atopy. In these children, long\u2010term SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exposure is also associated with reduced FEV1\/FVC, particularly in those with asthma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,5]],"date-time":"2019-12-05T17:19:19Z","timestamp":1575566359000},"page":"330-337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Annual SO<sub>2<\/sub> exposure, asthma, atopy, and lung function in Puerto Rican children"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1202-044X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franziska","family":"Rosser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh 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