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We sought to extend this study by evaluating the longer\u2010term clinical and lung function outcomes and their associated risk factors in Indigenous children of adolescents from Australia, Alaska, and New Zealand who participated in our previous CSLD or bronchiectasis studies during 2004\u20102010.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between 2015 and 2018, we evaluated 131 out of 180 (72.8%) children of adolescents from the original studies at a single follow\u2010up visit. We administered standardized questionnaires, reviewed medical records, undertook clinical examinations, performed spirometry, and scored available chest computed tomography scans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants were seen at a mean age of 12.3 years (standard deviation: 2.6) and a median of 9.0 years (range: 5.0\u201013.0) after their original recruitment. With increasing age, rates of acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) declined, while lung function was mostly within population norms (median forced expiry volume in one\u2010second\u2009=\u200990% predicted, interquartile range [IQR]: 81\u2010105; forced vital capacity [FVC]\u2009=\u200998% predicted, IQR: 85\u2010114). However, 43 out of 111 (38.7%) reported chronic cough episodes. Their overall global rating judged by symptoms, including ALRI frequency, examination findings, and spirometry was well (20.3%), stable (43.9%), or improved (35.8%). Multivariable regression identified household tobacco exposure and age at first ALRI\u2010episode as independent risk factors associated with lower FVC% predicted values.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Under our clinical care, the respiratory outcomes in late childhood or early adolescence are encouraging for these patient populations at high\u2010risk of premature mortality. Prospective studies to further inform management throughout the life course into adulthood are now needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T15:35:21Z","timestamp":1582644921000},"page":"975-985","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["A decade on: Follow\u2010up findings of indigenous children with bronchiectasis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0210-1468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabrielle B.","family":"McCallum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University  Darwin Northern Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosalyn J.","family":"Singleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Clinical &amp; Research Services Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium Anchorage Alaska"},{"name":"Arctic Investigators Program, Division of Preparedness and Emerging Infections, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Anchorage Alaska"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory J.","family":"Redding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Grimwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Infectious Diseases and Paediatrics Gold Coast Health Gold Coast Queensland Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Infection and Immunology Division, Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3032-3172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine A.","family":"Byrnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Auckland and Starship Children's Hospital Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia C.","family":"Valery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charmaine","family":"Mobberley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Auckland and Starship Children's Hospital Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor M.","family":"Oguoma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University  Darwin Northern Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6814-7418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kah Peng","family":"Eg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Department of Paediatrics University of Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter S.","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University  Darwin Northern Territory Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Royal Darwin Hospital Darwin Northern Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne B.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University  Darwin Northern Territory Australia"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Queensland Children's Hospital, Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31554-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2017.00030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2017.00027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.22763"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"355","article-title":"Bronchiectasis in childhood; III. 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