{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T14:42:29Z","timestamp":1790088149098,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]],"date-time":"2020-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is a high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children with Down syndrome (DS), sometimes associated with alveolar hypoventilation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PtcCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) and pulse oximetry (SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) in children with DS and in control children with OSA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective case\u2010control study involved children followed in Trousseau Hospital (Paris) Sleep Center. Polysomnography (PSG) recordings and clinical files of children with DS were reviewed to identify clinical signs of OSA and comorbidities associated with DS. Controls were children who presented with OSA of ENT origin without other comorbidities (exceptions: two overweight, one obese, and three with well\u2010controlled asthma). DS subjects and controls were matched for age and apnea hypopnea index.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 28 children in each group. Mean PtcCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> during sleep was significantly higher in patients with DS compared to controls (44\u2009mm Hg vs 42\u2009mm Hg, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.001). Five (21%) patients with DS met the American Academy of Sleep medicine criteria for hypoventilation, compared to one (4%) in the control group. The mean PtcO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> during sleep was significantly lower in patients with DS (77\u2009mm Hg vs 82\u2009mm Hg, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.003).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is the first study to compare nocturnal gas exchange in children with DS to a control group of children with similar OSA. Our data demonstrate that children with DS have increased PtcCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> regardless of the presence of OSA and its severity. This may be due to respiratory muscle hypotonia and\/or ventilatory control alteration in patients with DS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]],"date-time":"2020-02-28T17:56:43Z","timestamp":1582912603000},"page":"1246-1253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Nocturnal hypoventilation in Down syndrome children with or without sleep apnea"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Richard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP\u2010HP Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6417-382X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole","family":"Beydon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Respiratory Exploration and Sleep Center Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP\u2010HP Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Berdah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP\u2010HP Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7026-7523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harriet","family":"Corvol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP\u2010HP Paris France"},{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint\u2010Antoine, CRSA  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5765-0555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillaume","family":"Aubertin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP\u2010HP Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7552-3880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Taytard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP\u2010HP Paris France"},{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, INSERM, UMR\u2010S 1158 Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.20157"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12277"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg1448"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GIM.0b013e3181634867"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-3252"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.183.1.1830175"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.7126"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"9922819845333","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome: Screening and effect of guidelines","author":"Hsieh A","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12376"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-014-0992-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.12443"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-014-1012-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-015-0138-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-3164"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2016.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.2172"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.38165"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.38283"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24122"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children4070055"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2016-311694"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","first-page":"127","article-title":"Effect of isokinetic training on muscle strength and postural balance in children with Down's syndrome. 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