{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T12:12:52Z","timestamp":1781784772995,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]],"date-time":"2020-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alongside the epidemic use of electronic cigarettes (e\u2010cigarettes) across the country, evidence of multiple pulmonary complications has emerged, with the most immediately life\u2010threatening being the new clinical condition of e\u2010cigarette\/vaping\u2010associated lung injury (EVALI), with investigation actively underway to further define this entity and determine the cause or causes. We present a series of cases of respiratory illnesses associated with e\u2010cigarette use, many of which meet criteria for suspected or confirmed EVALI, managed at a pediatric tertiary care center, demonstrating notable variation in presenting symptoms and severity. Most cases improved with supportive respiratory care and the administration of corticosteroids and antibiotics, although generally no infection was found. The cases also tend to show improvement with discontinuation of the use of e\u2010cigarettes. We discuss challenges in determining the contribution of e\u2010cigarettes to the case pathology and review possible diagnostic and treatment options. In patients suffering from e\u2010cigarette\u2010related respiratory illness including EVALI, the primary treatment goal should be the cessation of e\u2010cigarette use and avoidance of other possible pulmonary toxins, including conventional cigarettes. Prevention of e\u2010cigarette use is critical in the youth population, as these patients are typically nicotine na\u00efve and do not engage in smoking conventional cigarettes before initiation of vaping.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]],"date-time":"2020-03-13T16:31:16Z","timestamp":1584117076000},"page":"1224-1236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Case series: Adolescent victims of the vaping public health crisis with pulmonary complications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1814-9108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra P.","family":"Kass","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary Medicine Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2122-2521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel L.","family":"Overbeek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Emergency Medicine Harvard Medical Toxicology, Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura E.","family":"Chiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary Medicine Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward W.","family":"Boyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3566-9690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alicia M. 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