{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:19:48Z","timestamp":1785421188338,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite technical specifications of neonatal mechanical ventilators (MVs) guarantee clinically irrelevant discrepancies between the set and the delivered values of ventilation parameters, previous studies reported large deviations. Most studies characterized performances of a given model\/brand by studying a single device, disregarding possible intramodel differences, and leaving the accuracy of the ventilation parameters effectively delivered in clinical settings unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the real\u2010life accuracy of pressure and volume parameters delivered by neonatal ventilators ready to be used on patients in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>In vitro study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects Selection<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neonatal ventilators (n\u2009=\u200933 of 8 different models) available in four European NICUs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>The MVs were connected to a test lung (resistance\u2009=\u200950\u2009cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O*s\/L, compliance\u2009=\u20090.35\u2009mL\/cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O) provided with pressure and flow sensors. MVs were tested over two different ventilation modes randomly: (a) pressure controlled (PC) with a peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) of 22\u2009cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O, and (b) PC with volume targeted ventilation (VTV) with a tidal volume (<jats:italic>V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic>) of 6\u2009mL. In all tests, positive end\u2010expiratory pressure (PEEP) was set to 6\u2009cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O, respiratory rate to 45 breaths\/min, inspiratory time to 0.33\u2009seconds, and oxygen fraction to 0.3.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During PC the median (min\u2010max) values delivered were: PEEP\u2009=\u20095.84(4.95\u20106.48) cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O, PIP\u2009=\u200921.63(20.04\u201022.62) cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O. During VTV, <jats:italic>V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic> was 5.94(4.63\u20108.01) mL. <jats:italic>V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic> was considerably variable, ranging from \u221222% to +33% of the set and displayed values. Differences in accuracy among devices of the same model were comparable to those found among different models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest that loss of accuracy in ventilation variables is likely related to daily use of the devices rather than weakness in the design or manufacturing process, urging the improvement of maintenance and quality control procedures to preserve the performances of neonatal MVs during their entire lifespan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T21:32:42Z","timestamp":1590615162000},"page":"1955-1962","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Accuracy of volume and pressure delivery by mechanical ventilators in use in neonatal intensive care units: A quality control study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0216-8790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Ottaviani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria Politecnico di Milano University  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8607-1728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Veneroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria Politecnico di Milano University  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Dell'Orto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care and Transportation, Medical Center \u201cA. B\u00e9cl\u00e8re\u201d, Paris Saclay University Hospitals Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5529-0787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Lavizzari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NICU, Fondazione IRCCS C\u00e0 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"Ventura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Fondazione MBBM \u2010 Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza  Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Tossici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria Politecnico di Milano University  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iwona","family":"Maroszynska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care and Congenital Malformations of Neonates and Infants Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute  Lodz Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Mosca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NICU, Fondazione IRCCS C\u00e0 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Tagliabue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Fondazione MBBM \u2010 Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza  Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3846-4834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"De Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care and Transportation, Medical Center \u201cA. B\u00e9cl\u00e8re\u201d, Paris Saclay University Hospitals Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris  Paris France"},{"name":"Physiopathology and Therapeutic Innovation Unit\u2010INSERM U999 Paris Saclay University  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3672-4591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raffaele L.","family":"Dellac\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria Politecnico di Milano University  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201401-0168CP","article-title":"Ventilator\u2010induced lung injury: similarity and differences between children and adults","volume":"190","author":"Kneyber MCJ","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-015-0112-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009993916980"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000001088"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.10150"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2007.00129.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2009.01319.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0b013e3182455586"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.05012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01706423"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/MDER.S35864"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24045"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-006-0450-9"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fppul.24852","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ppul.24852","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ppul.24852","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ppul.24852","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T20:25:57Z","timestamp":1693945557000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ppul.24852"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ppul.24852"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ppul.24852","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-6863","1099-0496"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-6863","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0496","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-02-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}