{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T15:59:45Z","timestamp":1792425585527,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]],"date-time":"2020-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004375","name":"Tel Aviv University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["the vice president funds (590879)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["the vice president funds (590879)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004375","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Controversy exists regarding an association between <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> infection and asthma in children. We examined the hypotheses of inverse associations of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> seroprevalence and pepsinogen (PG) levels, as markers of gastric inflammation, with asthma in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A hospital\u2010based case\u2010control study was conducted among children aged 4.8 to 17.3 years in Israel. Confirmed asthma cases (n\u2009=\u200975) were recruited through a pulmonary clinic, and controls (n\u2009=\u2009160) without asthma were enrolled. Using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assays we measured the presence of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, IgG antibodies to cytotoxin\u2010associated gene A antigen (CagA) (virulent factor), serum PG levels and exposure to other enteric pathogens (<jats:italic>Shigella flexneri<\/jats:italic>). Multivariable logistic regression models were applied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> IgG seropositivity was 25% and 40% among cases and controls, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.03). <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> CagA IgG seropositivity was associated with reduced risk of asthma (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.33 [95% CI, 0.11\u20100.95] but not for the CagA negative serology (adjusted OR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.32\u20101.54]). Children who were <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> seropositive with a PGI:PGII of \u22646.78 (severe gastric inflammation) had a lower likelihood of asthma (adjusted OR, 0.31 [95% CI, 0.10\u20100.89]) than did seronegative children. Exposure to <jats:italic>Shigella flexneri<\/jats:italic> did not differ between cases and controls, nor according to <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> seropositivity. Among the asthmatic children, pulmonary function did not differ according to <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> seropositivity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection and its related gastric inflammation may have a protective role in the risk of pediatric asthma and further research into a potential causal pathway is required.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24905","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]],"date-time":"2020-06-16T14:23:37Z","timestamp":1592317417000},"page":"2236-2245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Associations of <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> seropositivity and gastric inflammation with pediatric asthma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Nael","family":"Elias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Saint Vincent de Paul\u2010French Hospital  Nazareth Israel"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"Nasrallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Saint Vincent de Paul\u2010French Hospital  Nazareth Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camelia","family":"Khoury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Saint Vincent de Paul\u2010French Hospital  Nazareth Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bshara","family":"Mansour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Saint Vincent de Paul\u2010French Hospital  Nazareth Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Layaly","family":"Abu Zuher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Asato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1086-7559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khitam","family":"Muhsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2008.106609"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2006.070169"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Services. 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