{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T15:24:24Z","timestamp":1792855464069,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,24]],"date-time":"2020-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Use of high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) to deliver aerosolized medications to children has gained considerable interest. However, data on continuous albuterol delivery (CAD) via HFNC are lacking. This study quantified CAD via HFNC\/vibrating mesh nebulizer (VMN) and large\u2010volume jet nebulizer (LVN) with face mask (FM) in a pediatric model. Aerosol delivery with two HFNC cannula designs were also compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A pediatric manikin was connected to a lung simulator (Vt\u2009=\u2009150\u2009mL, RR\u2009=\u200928 breaths\/minute, I:E 1:2.4) via collecting filter at the carina. XL Pediatric and SML Adult HFNC designs were tested to determine optimal cannula design for CAD. VMN was placed Before humidifier (37\u00b0C), albuterol (5\u2009mg\/mL) was nebulized at 3, 6, and 12\u2009L\/minute (n\u2009=\u20093). To compare HFNC\/VMN with LVN and FM, albuterol (15\u2009mg\/hour) was aerosolized for 3\u2009hours\/device (n\u2009=\u20093). LVN was connected to FM and filled with 9\u2009mL of albuterol (5\u2009mg\/mL) and 66\u2009mL of normal saline to deliver 25\u2009mL\/hour at 13\u2009L\/minute. VMN was connected to the infusion pump to deliver 7.5\u2009mL\/hr of albuterol (2\u2009mg\/mL). Drug eluted from filters was assayed with UV spectrophotometry (276\u2009nm).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Optimal aerosol delivery occurred at 3\u2009L\/minute (12.6% \u00b1 0.5%) with SML Adult HFNC (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.04). When used for CAD, inhaled drug delivery with HFNC\/VMN (2.2\u2009mg\/hr \u00b1 0.1, 14.8% \u00b1 0.7%) was significantly greater than LVN and FM (0.48\u2009\u00b1\u20090.09\u2009mg\/hour, 3.2% \u00b1 0.6%) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Administration of CAD via HFNC\/VMN led to a greater than fourfold increase in drug delivery compared to LVN with FM. Optimal aerosol delivery occurred at 3\u2009L\/minute with SML Adult HFNC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24967","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,18]],"date-time":"2020-07-18T15:05:36Z","timestamp":1595084736000},"page":"2596-2602","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Quantifying continuous nebulization via high flow nasal cannula and large volume nebulizer in a pediatric model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4996-1454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerald B.","family":"Moody","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Care Children's Health\u2010Children's Medical Center Dallas Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3126-8144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arzu","family":"Ari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Care Texas State University Round Rock Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Expert panel report 3 (epr\u20103): Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma \u2010 full report 2007.http:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/files\/docs\/guidelines\/asthgdln.pdf. 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