{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T11:13:57Z","timestamp":1788261237065,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]],"date-time":"2020-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Majority of preterm infants do well with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) as the sole respiratory management; but some require endotracheal intubation and surfactant administration. While\u00a0intubation is needed predominantly in extremely preterm infants (&lt;28\u2009weeks); some of the more mature preterm infants also require it. Currently, there are no clear guidelines regarding indications for endotracheal intubation in such infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To understand the current practice regarding \u201ccriteria for intubation\u201d in moderate to late preterm infants with respiratory distress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A survey of neonatologists in Australia New Zealand Neonatal Network (ANZNN) was conducted between April and June 2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At least one neonatologist each from 29 of the 30 tertiary ANZNN Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) responded to the survey. In total, 118\/200 (59%) neonatologists responded. The most common criteria for intubation were CPAP\u2009=\u20098\u2009cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O (61%), pH\u2009&lt;\u20097.2 (55%), pCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2009&gt;\u200970\u2009mmHg (48%), FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2009&gt;\u200940% (40%), chest retractions (48%), more than two episodes of apnea requiring intervention (54%), and chest X\u2010ray (CXR) showing moderate\u2013severe hyaline membrane disease (HMD, 49%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>While there were variations in practice, nearly 50% of the neonatologists shared a common threshold with regards to the CPAP level, FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, blood gas parameters, and clinical and radiological findings. The results of this survey will help in designing future randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on this subject.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,4]],"date-time":"2020-09-04T17:02:29Z","timestamp":1599238949000},"page":"2970-2982","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A survey on criteria for intubation in moderate to late preterm infants with respiratory distress"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1880-7307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan Y. 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