{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T09:34:09Z","timestamp":1784540049152,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Long segment laryngotracheoesophageal clefts (LTECs) are very rare large\u2010airway malformations. Over the last 40\u2009years mortality rates declined substantially due to improved intensive care and surgical procedures. Nevertheless, long\u2010term morbidity, comorbidity, and clinical outcomes have rarely been assessed systematically.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this retrospective case series, the clinical presentation, comorbidities, treatment, and clinical outcomes of all children with long\u2010segment LTEC that were seen at our department in the last 15\u2009years were collected and analyzed systematically.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nine children were diagnosed with long segment LTEC (four children with LTEC type III and five patients with LTEC type IV). All children had additional tracheobronchial, gastrointestinal, or cardiac malformations. Tracheostomy for long\u2010time ventilation and jejunostomy for adequate nutrition was necessary in all cases. During follow\u2010up one child died from multiorgan failure due to sepsis at the age of 43\u2009days. The clinical course of the other eight children (median follow\u2010up time 5.2\u2009years) was stable. Relapses of the cleft, recurrent aspirations, and respiratory tract infections led to repeated hospital admissions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Long\u2010segment LTECs are consistently associated with additional malformations, which substantially influence long\u2010term morbidity. For optimal management, a multidisciplinary approach is essential.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,23]],"date-time":"2020-10-23T17:11:57Z","timestamp":1603473117000},"page":"138-144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Comorbidity and long\u2010term clinical outcome of laryngotracheal clefts types III and IV: Systematic analysis of new cases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6610-3756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elias","family":"Seidl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010University Munich  Munich 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