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Restless sleep is reported in up to 80% of children with restless legs syndrome (RLS) and children with periodic limb movements of sleep (PLMS) disorder (PLMD). However, restless sleep causing daytime behavioral consequences can be seen in children without another apparent condition and has recently been identified as a new independent primary pediatric sleep disorder, called restless sleep disorder (RSD). This study describes these three main SRMDs (RSD, RLS, and PLMD), explains the new consensus criteria for RSD, emphasizes the rapidly evolving areas of research in this field, and proposes recommendations for future research. In particular, the published data constitute convincing evidence that sleep\u2010related movements are disruptors of sleep quality and continuity. However, while important advancements have recently been reported in adults, a detailed analysis of the phenomenology and consequences of sleep\u2010related movements has just started in children. New approaches, standardized diagnostic methods, and specific guidelines are needed in the field of pediatric SRMD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T05:29:58Z","timestamp":1612416598000},"page":"1879-1886","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Restless sleep disorder, restless legs syndrome, and periodic limb movement disorder\u2014Sleep in motion!"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3349-8426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lourdes M.","family":"DelRosso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children's Hospital Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6662-2281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria 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