{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T23:24:32Z","timestamp":1787786672786,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]],"date-time":"2021-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Meconium stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) is a well\u2010established risk factor for neonatal short\u2010term respiratory complications. Little is known regarding the long\u2010term morbidity. We investigated the possible association between MSAF and offspring respiratory morbidity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A population\u2010based, cohort study of singleton deliveries occurring between 1991 and 2014 at a sole regional tertiary medical center was performed. Incidence of offspring respiratory related hospitalizations up to the age of 18 years were evaluated and compared to unexposed offspring. A Kaplan\u2013Meier survival curve was used to compare cumulative respiratory morbidity incidence, and a Cox proportional hazards model was used to control for confounders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the study period 242,342 deliveries met the inclusion criteria. Of them, 14.7% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200935,609) were complicated with MSAF. Incidence of respiratory\u2010related hospitalizations was significantly lower in children exposed to MSAF as compared to the unexposed group (4.5% vs. 4.9%, respectively; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). Specifically, hospitalizations involving pneumonitis were significantly less common among the MSAF group (odds ratio, 0.35; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.13\u20130.96; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.03). The Kaplan\u2013Meier survival curve demonstrated significantly lower total cumulative respiratory morbidity rates in the MSAF exposed group (log rank <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). In the Cox model, controlled for clinically relevant confounders, MSAF exhibited an independent and significant protective effect on long\u2010term childhood respiratory morbidity (aHR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.86\u20130.96; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fetal exposure to MSAF during labor appears to be associated with lower rates of long\u2010term respiratory related hospitalizations in the offspring. Changes in offspring microbiome, as well as functional and anatomical modulations possibly resulting from MSAF exposure, might offer a plausible explanation of our findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]],"date-time":"2021-03-17T19:40:35Z","timestamp":1616010035000},"page":"2328-2334","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Meconium stained amniotic fluid exposure and long\u2010term respiratory morbidity in the offspring"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8772-4359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gal","family":"Rodavsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center Ben\u2010Gurion University of the Negev  Beer\u2010Sheva 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