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In Australia and New Zealand, a significant decrease in both influenza and bronchiolitis have been noticed during usual peak seasons. Data from early months of winter seasons in Europe are showing similar trends. This current scenario imposes a reconsideration of the paradigm that toddlers and young schoolchildren are the main drivers of seasonal RSV outbreaks and respiratory epidemics in general. In this article, we summarize current literature, address current knowledge or role of adults in the RSV epidemiology, describe the lessons learned from pertussis epidemics and call the international community to better understand the community transmission dynamics of respiratory infections in all age groups. This can allow the establishment of better and more affordable preventive measures in the whole population level, which can ultimately save millions of child lives.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,17]],"date-time":"2021-10-17T12:37:38Z","timestamp":1634474258000},"page":"38-42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus during the COVID\u201019 pandemic: Time for a new paradigm?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Emma","family":"Binns","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Christchurch Hospital  Christchurch New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Koenraads","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alder Hey Children's Hospital  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidia","family":"Hristeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Paediatrics\/Neonates  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alix","family":"Flamant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint\u2010Luc  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Baier\u2010Grabner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Klinik Ottakring Vienna Healthcare Group  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mervin","family":"Loi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Intensive Care Unit KK Women's and Children's Hospital  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Lempainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Biomedicine and Clinical Microbiology University of Turku and Turku University Hospital  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elise","family":"Osterheld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Centre Hospitalier de Mayotte  Mayotte France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bazlin","family":"Ramly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Department Children Health Ireland  Dublin Ireland"},{"name":"Paediatric Department Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun  Ipoh Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Chakakala\u2010Chaziya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Department Muzu Central Hospital, Ministry of Health  Muzu Malawi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niveditha","family":"Enaganthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Department Sri Ramachandra Medical College &amp; RI  Chennai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Sim\u00f3 Nebot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Systemic Inflammatory Response in Paediatrics, Infectious Diseases Unit Sant Joan de D\u00e9u Hospital Research Foundation  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8567-2639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danilo","family":"Buonsenso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. 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