{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T15:26:20Z","timestamp":1773501980478,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,22]],"date-time":"2021-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) may induce gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Esophageal impedance baseline values (BI) reflect mucosal inflammation. Our aim was to evaluate BI levels in preterm infants with BPD compared with those without BPD and to identify BI predictors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a retrospective pilot study including infants born &lt;32 weeks' gestational age (GA) who underwent esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII)\u2010pH. Univariate\/multivariate analysis were performed to compare data between BPD and non\u2010BPD infants and to identify BI predictors. A subgroup analysis was performed in infants born &lt;29 weeks' GA, at highest risk for BPD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ninety\u2010seven patients (median GA 28<jats:sup>5\/7<\/jats:sup> weeks, mean postnatal age 49 days, 29 with BPD), were studied. BPD infants had significantly lower birth weight compared with non\u2010BPD infants (750 vs. 1275\u2009g), were more immature (27<jats:sup>4\/7<\/jats:sup> vs. 29<jats:sup>0\/7<\/jats:sup> weeks GA), were older at MII\u2010pH (79 vs. 38 days) and received less fluids during MII\u2010pH (147 vs. 161\u2009ml\/kg\/day). The same findings were found in the group of 53 infants born &lt;29 weeks. BPD versus non\u2010BPD infants had significantly lower BI (2050 vs. 2574\u2009ohm, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007) (&lt;1000\u2009ohm in five BPD infants vs. one non\u2010BPD) whereas the other MII\u2010pH parameters were not significantly different. Multiple regression analysis found that increasing chronological age was positively associated with BI (<jats:italic>B\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u20099.3, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.013) whereas BPD was associated with lower BI (<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212793.4, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>BPD versus non\u2010BPD infants had significantly lower BI despite similar MII\u2010pH data. BPD and chronological age predicted BI, whereas only BPD predicted BI in the most immature infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T04:25:01Z","timestamp":1637036701000},"page":"448-454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Esophageal impedance baseline in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5304-1485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Nobile","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5141-7725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Marchionni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Engineering Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche Civitanova Alta Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Meneghin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Unit, Buzzi Children's Hospital, ASST\u2010FBF\u2010Sacco Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Salvatore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Ospedale F. Del Ponte, ASST\u2010Sette Laghi, Universit\u00e0 dell'Insubria Varese Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmine","family":"Noviello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mother and Child Health Salesi Children's Hospital Ancona Italy"},{"name":"Department of Woman, Child, General and Specialized Surgery University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d Caserta Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaia","family":"Margiotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Giorgio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3121-9569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Vento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. 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