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Serum retinol, 25OHD, \u03b1\u2010tocopherol and plasma cytokines interleukin (IL)\u20106, IL\u20108, IL\u201010, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1 were measured in early infancy and yearly thereafter. Vitamin supplement intakes and respiratory microbiology were assessed every 1\u20132 months in infancy and quarterly thereafter.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (&lt;30\u2009ng\/ml) at all ages combined was significantly higher (22%) compared to vitamin A (&lt;200\u2009ng\/ml, 3%) and vitamin E (&lt;5\u2009\u00b5g\/ml, 5%). All children were vitamin A sufficient by age 2 years. Vitamin E insufficiency was rare. Only 42% were early responders of vitamin D and 17% remain insufficient despite high supplement intakes. IL\u20106 was positively correlated, while IL\u20108, IL\u201010, and TNF\u2010\u03b1 were negatively correlated, with retinol and 25OHD. Multiple regression analysis revealed that supplement dose, season, \u03b1\u2010tocopherol, pancreatic insufficiency, respiratory infections and IL\u201010 were significant predictors of 25OHD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diagnosis through newborn screening coupled with supplementation normalized serum retinol and \u03b1\u2010tocopherol in almost all infants with CF by age 3 years. However, response to vitamin D supplements in young children with CF occurred later and variably despite early and sustained supplementation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25825","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T02:21:29Z","timestamp":1641954089000},"page":"935-944","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Vitamins A, D, E status as related to supplementation and lung disease markers in young children with cystic fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8084-3988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"HuiChuan J.","family":"Lai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison Madison Wisconsin 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