{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T01:14:14Z","timestamp":1777511654449,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]],"date-time":"2022-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646784000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81771589"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81771589"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hemoptysis is a frequently encountered symptom of the respiratory system in adult but is rare in children. Bronchial artery\u2013pulmonary artery fistula (BPF) is one of the most important and life\u2010threatening cause in pediatric hemoptysis patients. Although the severity of BPF has been proved in previous studies, details about clinical diagnosis and treatment of BPF in children have been rarely reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case preparation<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 12\u2010year\u2010old boy presented to the hospital with hematemesis after coughing, without any other symptoms. After admission, he had repeated hemoptysis, 20\u201330\u2009ml each time, and on the 11th night of admission a massive hemoptysis (about 100\u2009ml bright red blood) occurred suddenly. Chest computed tomography demonstrated patchy ground glass opacities in the right lung, suggestive of pulmonary hemorrhage. Bronchial arteriography showed an apparent BPF in the right lobe bronchial artery. Therefore, bronchial artery embolization was performed, following which a thrombus in the bronchial lumen was removed by bronchoscopy. After these interventions, the patient recovered quickly and no recurrence was noted in the following year.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We believe that this case should raise awareness of cryptogenic massive hemoptysis caused by BPF. In the event of hemoptysis in a child, it is important to clarify the source of the bleeding. If common etiologies have been excluded, the presence of pulmonary and bronchial vascular malformations should be considered. Moreover, multidisciplinary collaboration is crucial in the diagnosis and management of cryptogenic hemoptysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25872","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T09:44:39Z","timestamp":1646127879000},"page":"1202-1208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cryptogenic massive hemoptysis caused by bronchial artery\u2013pulmonary artery fistula in a 12\u2010year\u2010old boy: A case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Hanquan","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Tianjin Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Tianjin University) Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Tianjin Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Tianjin University) Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuping","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate College of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China"},{"name":"Tianjin Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Tianjin University) Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate College of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China"},{"name":"Tianjin Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Tianjin University) Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaofang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate College of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China"},{"name":"Tianjin Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Tianjin University) Tianjin 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