{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T12:53:50Z","timestamp":1780491230372,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]],"date-time":"2022-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anemia is associated with severe outcomes in adult community\u2010acquired pneumonia (CAP), but few studies investigated its association with pediatric CAP. Hence, we tried to delineate the association of anemia with the clinical outcomes of CAP in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective cohort study was conducted from 2010 to 2019 in a medical center. Inpatients aged 6 months to 17 years who were diagnosed with CAP and without major underlying diseases were included. The subjects' clinical data within 24\u2009h of admission and clinical outcomes were collected. We accessed the rates of adverse outcomes and the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of these outcomes between anemic and nonanemic patients, as well as among patients with different types of anemia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study of 3601 patients, the prevalence of anemia was 11.6% (418\/3601). Anemic patients had higher rates of intensive care (16.8% vs. 3.6%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), endotracheal intubation (11.0% vs. 1.3%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and empyema (8.6% vs. 0.6%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) than nonanemic patients. In addition, anemia was independently associated with intensive care (adjusted OR, 3.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.03\u20134.42), endotracheal intubation (adjusted OR, 3.79; 95% CI, 2.17\u20136.63), and empyema (adjusted OR, 4.72; 95% CI, 2.30\u20139.69). Iron\u2010deficiency anemia (IDA) and normocytic anemia were associated with these adverse outcomes but not with anemia due to thalassemia trait.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anemia is a biomarker associated with poor outcomes in pediatric CAP, and patients with IDA or normocytic anemia should be carefully monitored and managed since they may have higher disease severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25892","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]],"date-time":"2022-03-16T08:54:29Z","timestamp":1647420869000},"page":"1416-1424","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The association of anemia with the clinical outcomes of community\u2010acquired pneumonia in children"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"I\u2010Fan","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare New Taipei City Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health National Taiwan University  Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei\u2010Liang","family":"Shih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health National Taiwan University  Taipei City Taiwan"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Research and Education Center Ministry of Health and Welfare and National Taiwan University  Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun\u2010Chung","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University  Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Te\u2010Wei","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, College of Medicine National Taiwan University  Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting\u2010Yu","family":"Yen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University  Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiu\u2010Hao","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University  Taipei City 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