{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T21:19:29Z","timestamp":1788297569845,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]],"date-time":"2022-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bronchiolitis is common reason for infant hospitalization. The aim of our systematic review and meta\u2010analysis was to evaluate helium\u2013oxygen (heliox) in bronchiolitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We screened 463 studies, assessed 22 of them, and included six randomized controlled trials. Primary outcomes were the need for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or intubation, hospitalization duration, and change in the modified Woods Clinical Asthma Scale (M\u2010WCAS). We calculated mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for continuous outcomes and risk ratios (RRs) for dichotomous outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six studies (five double\u2010 and one single\u2010blinded) with 560 infants were included. The risk of bias was high in one, moderate in four, and low in one. The RR for the need for CPAP (three studies) was 0.87 (CI: 0.56\u20131.35), and for intubation (four studies) was 1.39 (CI: 0.53\u20133.63), heliox compared to air\u2013oxygen. The hospital stay (four studies) was 0.25 days longer (CI: \u22120.22 to 0.71) in the heliox group. The mean decrease in M\u2010WCAS from the baseline (three studies) was 1.90 points (CI: 1.46\u20132.34) greater in the heliox group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found low\u2010quality evidence that heliox does not reduce the need for CPAP, intubation, or length of hospitalization for bronchiolitis. Based on the M\u2010WCAS scores, heliox seems to relieve respiratory distress symptoms rapidly after its initiation. The included studies had high heterogeneity in their methods and included relatively mild cases of bronchiolitis. A larger randomized controlled trial with more severe cases of bronchiolitis with enough power to analyze the need for intubation is needed in the future.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25895","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]],"date-time":"2022-03-17T07:57:37Z","timestamp":1647503857000},"page":"1380-1391","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Helium\u2013oxygen in bronchiolitis\u2014A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8178-9610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilari","family":"Kuitunen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Mikkeli Central Hospital Mikkeli Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panu","family":"Kiviranta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Kuopio University Hospital Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulla","family":"Sankilampi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Kuopio University Hospital Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heli","family":"Salmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marjo","family":"Renko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Kuopio University Hospital Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.12704"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30938-8"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"CD001266","article-title":"Bronchodilators for bronchiolitis","author":"Gadomski AM","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"CD004873","article-title":"Chest physiotherapy for acute bronchiolitis in paediatric patients between 0 and 24 months old","volume":"2","author":"Roqu\u00e9Figuls M","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"CD004878","article-title":"Glucocorticoids for acute viral bronchiolitis in infants and young children","volume":"2013","author":"Fernandes RM","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"CD012965","article-title":"Magnesium sulphate for treating acute bronchiolitis in children up to two years of age","volume":"12","author":"Chandelia S","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"CD005189","article-title":"Antibiotics for bronchiolitis in children under two years of age","volume":"10","author":"Farley R","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2018-315846"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"CD010473","article-title":"Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for acute bronchiolitis in children","volume":"1","author":"Jat KR","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199810000-00031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.1.68"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2005.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.129.3.676"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2011.605"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-1317"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","first-page":"CD006915","article-title":"Heliox inhalation therapy for bronchiolitis in infants","author":"Liet JM","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2017.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anpedi.2018.01.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002845"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2021.1894351"},{"issue":"29","key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","first-page":"2100639","article-title":"Low levels of respiratory syncytial virus activity in Europe during the 2020\/21 season: what can we expect in the coming summer and autumn\/winter?","volume":"26","author":"Summeren J","year":"2021","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.37227"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1411"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2535"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.2","author":"Higgins JPT","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0137-2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02770903.2013.834504"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ppul.25895","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ppul.25895","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ppul.25895","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T16:22:04Z","timestamp":1692980524000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ppul.25895"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ppul.25895"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ppul.25895","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-6863","1099-0496"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-6863","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0496","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-01-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-03-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-03-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}