{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T17:27:14Z","timestamp":1764350834567,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Few studies have examined the impact of Coronavirus disease 2019\u00a0(COVID\u201019) infection on children with chronic lung disease (CLD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To perform a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis to determine the prevalence, risk factors for contracting COVID\u201019, and complications of COVID\u201019, in children with CLD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This systematic review was based on articles published between January 1, 2020 and July 25, 2022. Children under 18 years old, with any CLD and infected with COVID\u201019 were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten articles involving children with asthma and four involving children with cystic fibrosis (CF) were included in the analyses. The prevalence of COVID\u201019 in children with asthma varied between 0.14% and 19.1%. The use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) was associated with reduced risk for COVID\u201019 (risk ratio\u00a0[RR]: 0.60, 95% confidence interval\u00a0[CI]: 0.40\u20130.90). Uncontrolled asthma, younger age, AND moderate\u2013severe\u00a0asthma were not significant risk factors for contracting COVID\u201019. Children with asthma had an increased risk for hospitalization (RR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.07\u20132.45) but were not more likely to require assisted ventilation (RR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.14\u20131.90). The risk of COVID\u201019 infection among children with CF\u00a0was &lt;1%. Posttransplant and cystic fibrosis\u2010related diabetes mellitus (CFRDM) patients were at an increased risk for hospitalization and intensive care treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hospitalizations were higher in children with asthma with COVID\u201019 infection. However, using ICS reduced the risk of COVID\u201019 infection. As for CF, postlung transplantation and CFRDM were risk factors for severe disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T13:15:56Z","timestamp":1680614156000},"page":"1784-1797","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The outcome of COVID\u201019 in children with chronic lung disease: Systematic review and meta\u2010analyses"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1418-283X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aimi Suhaili Mohd","family":"Sallih","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0730-8513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mae Wae","family":"Wee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2884-5198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafdzah A.","family":"Zaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence\u2010Based Practice,\u00a0Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4706-7467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shih Ying","family":"Hng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6814-7418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kah Peng","family":"Eg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3618-5820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna M.","family":"Nathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3388-6173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessie A.","family":"de Bruyne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017"},{"volume-title":"Weekly Epidemiological Update on COVID\u201019\u201417 August 2022","year":"2022","author":"World Health Organization","key":"e_1_2_15_3_1"},{"volume-title":"Tracking SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Variants","year":"2022","author":"World Health Organization","key":"e_1_2_15_4_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7107e4"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.614076"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00409-2020"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000003592"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-053418"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_15_10_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30105-3"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_15_11_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30157-0"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_15_12_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00491-4"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_15_13_1","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57121306"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_15_14_1","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24909"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_15_15_1","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2020-320042"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_15_16_1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191811483"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_15_17_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.recesp.2021.06.016"},{"unstructured":"STROBE.Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology. 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