{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T18:23:16Z","timestamp":1790965396212,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]],"date-time":"2023-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is a promising field in the neonatal field. We focused on lung ultrasound (LU), a useful tool for the neonatologist. Our aim was to train a neural network to create a model able to interpret LU.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our multicentric, prospective study included newborns with gestational age (GA)\u2009\u2265\u200933\u2009+\u20090 weeks with early tachypnea\/dyspnea\/oxygen requirements. For each baby, three LU were performed: within 3\u2009h of life (T0), at 4\u20136\u2009h of life (T1), and in the absence of respiratory support (T2). Each scan was processed to extract the region of interest used to train a neural network to classify it according to the LU score (LUS). We assessed sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of the AI model's scores in predicting the need for respiratory assistance with nasal continuous positive airway pressure and for surfactant, compared to an already studied and established LUS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We enrolled 62 newborns (GA\u2009=\u200936\u2009\u00b1\u20092 weeks). In the prediction of the need for CPAP, we found a cutoff of 6 (at T0) and 5 (at T1) for both the neonatal lung ultrasound score (nLUS) and AI score (AUROC 0.88 for T0 AI model, 0.80 for T1 AI model). For the outcome \u201cneed for surfactant therapy\u201d, results in terms of area under receiver operator characteristic (AUROC) are 0.84 for T0 AI model and 0.89 for T1 AI model. In the prediction of surfactant therapy, we found a cutoff of 9 for both scores at T0, at T1 the nLUS cutoff was 6, while the AI's one was 5. Classification accuracy was good both at the image and class levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is, to our knowledge, the first attempt to use an AI model to interpret early neonatal LUS and can be extremely useful for neonatologists in the clinical setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]],"date-time":"2023-07-07T09:26:39Z","timestamp":1688721999000},"page":"2610-2618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The future of neonatal lung ultrasound: Validation of an artificial intelligence model for interpreting lung scans. A multicentre prospective diagnostic study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8914-8639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Perri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences Child Health Area, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Lazio Italy"},{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences, Child Health Area Catholic University of Sacred Heart Seat of Rome Rome Lazio Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7787-6751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annamaria","family":"Sbordone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences Child Health Area, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Lazio Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Letizia","family":"Patti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences Child Health Area, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Lazio Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5304-1485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Nobile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences Child Health Area, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Lazio Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Tirone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences Child Health Area, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Lazio Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Giordano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences Child Health Area, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Lazio Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milena","family":"Tana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences Child Health Area, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Lazio Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vito","family":"D'Andrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences Child Health Area, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Lazio Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Priolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences Child Health Area, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Lazio Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7115-1469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Serrao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences Child Health Area, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Lazio Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9590-7948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riccardo","family":"Riccardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit \u201cSan Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli\u201d Hospital, Isola Tiberina Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Prontera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences Child Health Area, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Lazio Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacopo","family":"Lenkowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. 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