{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T10:02:42Z","timestamp":1755597762120,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lung ultrasound score (LUS) accurately guides surfactant replacement in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome due to surfactant deficiency. However, surfactant deficiency is not the unique pathobiological feature, as there may be relevant lung inflammation, such as in certain cases of clinical chorioamnionitis (CC). We aim to investigate if CC influences LUS and ultrasound\u2010guided surfactant treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective (2017\u20132022), large, cohort study targeted to recruit a homogeneous population treated with unchanged respiratory care policy and lung ultrasound protocol. Patients with (CC+: 207) and without (CC\u2212: 205) chorioamnionitis were analyzed with propensity score matching and subsequent additional multivariate adjustments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>LUS was identical at unmatched and matched comparisons. Consistently, at least one surfactant dose was given in 98 (47.3%) and 83 (40.5%) neonates in the CC+ and CC\u2212 matched cohorts, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.210). Multiple doses were needed in 28 (13.5%) and 21 (10.2%) neonates in the CC+ and CC\u2212 cohorts, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.373). Postnatal age at surfactant dosing was also similar. LUS was higher in patients who were diagnosed with neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (NARDS) (CC+ cohort: 10.3 (2.9), CC\u2212 cohort: 11.4 (2.6)), than in those without NARDS (CC+ cohort: 6.1 (3.7), CC\u2212 cohort: 6.2 (3.9); <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001, for both). Surfactant use was more frequent in neonates with, than in those without NARDS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Multivariate adjustments confirmed NARDS as the variable with greater effect size on LUS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>CC does not influence LUS in preterm neonates, unless inflammation is enough severe to trigger NARDS. The occurrence of NARDS is key factor influencing the LUS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26576","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T13:27:00Z","timestamp":1687958820000},"page":"2761-2768","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effect of preterm chorioamnionitis on lung ultrasound score used to guide surfactant replacement"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Vivalda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care \u201cA. B\u00e9cl\u00e8re\u201d Medical Center, Paris\u2010Saclay University Hospitals, APHP  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Loi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care \u201cA. B\u00e9cl\u00e8re\u201d Medical Center, Paris\u2010Saclay University Hospitals, APHP  Paris France"},{"name":"Physiopathology and Therapeutic Innovation Unit\u2010INSERM U999 Paris\u2010Saclay University  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Bisceglie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care \u201cA. 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