{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T10:48:28Z","timestamp":1761130108212,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Offspring born via cesarean delivery (CD) may be more prone to develope long\u2010term respiratory diseases, compared to those delivered vaginally (VD). In this study, we compared the rates of respiratory diseases between first twins VD\u00a0and second twins delivered via CD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective database study. All twin deliveries encompassed at the Soroka University Medical Center, a large tertiary hospital in southern Israel, between 1991 and 2020, in which the first twin was VD\u00a0and the second via CD were included. Respiratory diseases included respiratory tract diseases such as bronchiolitis and bronchial asthma. The cumulative incidence of respiratory diseases was compared between the twins using Kaplan\u2212Meier survival analysis and multivariable Cox models to adjust for confounding variables.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 395,408 deliveries occurred during the study period, with 13,402 (3.4%) of all deliveries\u00a0being twins. Of these, 184 (1.4%) were first twins VD\u00a0and second twins delivered via CD. The second CD twin was more likely to have a non\u2010reassuring fetal heart rate pattern and an Apgar score less than 7 at 5\u2009min. No other differences were found between the siblings. The incidence of long\u2010term respiratory diseases was not statistically different between the CD and VD siblings (7.6% vs. 9.4%, respectively; OR\u2009=\u20090.54; 95%\u00a0CI: 0.23\u22121.26). Similarly, the cumulative incidence of respiratory diseases was not statistically different (Kaplan\u2212Meier, log\u2010rank, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.59), and in the multivariable analysis which adjusted for birthweight and fetal distress during delivery (adjusted hazard ratio\u2009=\u20091.06; 95%\u00a0CI: 0.43\u221226.25).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>While the immediate outcomes for the CD twin were slightly worse compared to the VD twin, there was no difference in long\u2010term respiratory diseases between the siblings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T08:50:01Z","timestamp":1695027001000},"page":"3542-3548","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Long term respiratory morbidity of cesarean\u2010delivered second twin compared to their vaginally\u2010delivered sibling: A retrospective population\u2010based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5930-6504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Israel","family":"Yoles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Soroka University Medical Centre Beer\u2010Sheva Israel"},{"name":"Clalit Health Services The Central District Rishon Le Tzion Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eyal","family":"Sheiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Soroka University Medical Centre Beer\u2010Sheva Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamar","family":"Wainstock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences Ben\u2010Gurion University of the Negev Beer\u2010Sheva Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"The American Society for Reproductive Medicine. 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