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Recognition of fibrotic CT findings in children is more limited. With approved treatments for adult pulmonary fibrosis, it has become critical to define CT criteria for fibrosis in children, to identify patients in need of treatment and those eligible for clinical trials. Understanding how pediatric fibrosis compares with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and other causes of fibrosis in adults is increasingly important as these patients transition to adult care teams. Here, we review what is known regarding the features of pulmonary fibrosis in children compared with adults. Pulmonary fibrosis in children may be associated with genetic surfactant dysfunction disorders, autoimmune systemic disorders, and complications after radiation, chemotherapy, transplantation, and other exposures. Rather than a basal\u2010predominant usual interstitial pneumonia pattern with honeycombing, pediatric fibrosis is primarily characterized by reticulation, traction bronchiectasis, architectural distortion, or cystic lucencies\/abnormalities. Ground\u2010glass opacities are more frequent in children with fibrotic interstitial lung disease than adults, and disease distribution appears more diffuse, without clearly defined axial or craniocaudal predominance. Following discussion and consensus amongst a panel of expert radiologists, pathologists and physicians, distinctive disease features were integrated to develop criteria for the first global Phase III trial in children with pulmonary fibrosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26857","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T12:19:16Z","timestamp":1705061956000},"page":"845-854","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Imaging of pulmonary fibrosis in children: A review, with proposed diagnostic criteria"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0924-9342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily M.","family":"DeBoer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, and Children's Hospital Colorado Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason P.","family":"Weinman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, and Children's Hospital Colorado Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Ley\u2010Zaporozhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Pediatric Radiology, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University Hospital Ludwig\u2010Maximilian University Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0113-912X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Griese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hauner Children's Hospital Ludwig\u2010Maximilian University, German Center for Lung Research (DZL) Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Deterding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, and Children's Hospital Colorado Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Lynch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Jewish Health Denver Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen M.","family":"Humphries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Jewish Health Denver Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London, UCL Respiratory London UK"},{"name":"Satsuma Lab, Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8091312"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.3.9703051"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201903-0544CI"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2019-213217"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0100-2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","unstructured":"U.S. Food & Drug Administration. 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