{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T23:05:59Z","timestamp":1773615959009,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fetal exposure to tobacco smoking throughout pregnancy is associated with wheezing in infancy. We investigated the influence of in utero smoking exposure on lung ventilation homogeneity and the relationship between lung ventilation inhomogeneity at 7 weeks of age and wheezing in the first year of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maternal smoking was defined as self\u2010reported smoking of tobacco or validated by exhaled (e)CO &gt;\u20096\u2009ppm. Lung function data from healthy infants (age 5\u20139 weeks) born to asthmatic mothers and parent\u2010reported respiratory questionnaire data aged 12 months were collected in the Breathing for Life Trial (BLT) birth cohort. Tidal breathing analysis and SF<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\u2010based Multiple Breath Washout testing were performed in quiet sleep. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used to assess associations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were collected on 423 participants. Infants born to women who self\u2010reported smoking during pregnancy (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200942) had higher lung clearance index (LCI) than those born to nonsmoking mothers (7.90 vs. 7.64; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.030). Adjusted regression analyzes revealed interactions between self\u2010reported smoking and LCI (RR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.07\u20133.63, 0.028, for each unit increase in LCI) and between eCO\u2009&gt;\u20096\u2009ppm and LCI (RR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.13\u20134.50, 0.022) for the risk of wheeze in the first year of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In utero tobacco smoke exposure induces lung ventilation inhomogeneities. Furthermore, an interaction between smoke exposure and lung ventilation inhomogeneities increases the risk of having a wheeze in the first year of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T10:04:32Z","timestamp":1710842672000},"page":"1686-1694","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["In utero smoking exposure induces changes to lung clearance index and modifies risk of wheeze in infants"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8956-2779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ediane","family":"De Queiroz Andrade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine The Children's Hospital at Westmead Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla Rebeca Da Silva","family":"Sena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, Hunter Medical Research Institute University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"de Gouveia Belinelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, Hunter Medical Research Institute University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7397-105X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul D.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine The Children's Hospital at Westmead Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anneliese","family":"Blaxland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine The Children's Hospital at Westmead Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6305-2201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter D.","family":"Sly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Health and Environment Program, Child Health Research Centre The University of Queensland South Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanessa E.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, Hunter Medical Research Institute University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter G.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Priority Research Centre Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Respiratory &amp; Sleep Medicine Department John Hunter Hospital Newcastle New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam M.","family":"Collison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, Hunter Medical Research Institute University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joerg","family":"Mattes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, Hunter Medical Research Institute University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Paediatric Respiratory &amp; Sleep Medicine Department John Hunter Children's Hospital Newcastle New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-018-2437-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2016.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e31819dcc6a"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-037819"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30223-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61379-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198810273191702"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201801-0074ST"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-207401"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-0890-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2004.04.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2020-215526"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.2000.16d28.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.2000.16f26.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12579"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","article-title":"Inert gas washout: background and application in various lung diseases","volume":"147","author":"Usemann J","year":"2017","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","volume-title":"The health consequences of smoking: 50 years of progress: a report of the surgeon general","author":"United States. Public Health Service","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.26.1.4170"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI5232"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.6.2011097"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2011-0028OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2010.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00038.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201905-375OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-020-1101-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24675"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00580-2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)04446-7"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","article-title":"Legislative smoking bans for reducing harms from secondhand smoke exposure, smoking prevalence and tobacco consumption","volume":"2","author":"Frazer K","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2008.112136"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003158"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckq173"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2018.02.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201805-1011OC"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ppul.26975","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T14:33:26Z","timestamp":1737124406000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ppul.26975"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ppul.26975"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ppul.26975","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-6863","1099-0496"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-6863","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0496","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}