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This study describes UAO management in UK\/Ireland, and explores relationships between patient characteristics, UAO management, and clinical outcomes in the first 2 years of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Active surveillance of RS throughout UK\/Ireland via the British Paediatric Surveillance Unit and nationally commissioned cleft services. Clinical data were collected at initial notification and 12\u2010month follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>173 infants with RS were identified, of which 47% had additional congenital anomalies or an underlying syndrome (non\u2010isolated RS). Two\u2010thirds (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009119) required an airway intervention other than prone positioning: non\u2010surgical in 84% and surgical (tracheostomy) in 16%. Nasopharyngeal airway (NPA) was the most common intervention, used in 83% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200999) for median 90 days (IQR 136). Surgical UAO management was associated with prolonged hospital admission, higher prevalence of neurodevelopmental delay (NDD), lower weight\u2010for\u2010age z\u2010scores, and delayed oral feeding. These findings were not attributable to a higher prevalence of non\u2010isolated RS in this group. Although more commonly associated with non\u2010isolated RS, growth faltering was also identified in 48%, and NDD in 18%, of cases of isolated RS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In UK\/Ireland, most infants with RS are managed with NPA, and tracheostomy is reserved for refractory severe UAO. Clinical outcomes and duration of use indicate that NPA is a safe and feasible first\u2010line approach to UAO. Longitudinal assessment of neurodevelopment and growth is imperative, including in children with isolated RS. Current variations in practice reinforce the need for evidence\u2010based treatment guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.27140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T13:23:38Z","timestamp":1718976218000},"page":"2839-2849","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Airway management in infants with Robin sequence in the United Kingdom and Ireland: A prospective population\u2010based study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Marie","family":"Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine BC Children's Hospital Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Department of Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel L.","family":"Knowles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Cortina\u2010Borja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheila","family":"Javadpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felicity V.","family":"Mehendale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Cleft Lip and Palate Research Programme, Global Health Research Centre, Usher Institute University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9048-9692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Don S.","family":"Urquhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Paediatric Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Royal Hospital for Children and Young People Edinburgh UK"},{"name":"Department of Child Life and Health University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.0796"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.37538"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/02-055"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.09.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-306472"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.83.5.435"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/09-038.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/29.9.1115"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200708-138MG"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/06-020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2015.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2023-325556"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","volume-title":"Faltering growth \u2010 recognition and management","author":"National Guideline Alliance (UK)","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2016-311271"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","unstructured":"VogelM. childsds: data and methods around reference values in pediatrics. 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