{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T12:08:41Z","timestamp":1771243721337,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721952000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A high\u2010flow nasal cannula (cHFNC) delivers flow continuously (during inspiration and expiration). Using the diaphragm electrical activity (Edi), synchronizing HFNC could be an alternative (cycling high\/low flow on inspiration\/expiration, respectively). The objective of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of synchronized HFNC (sHFNC) and compare it to cHFNC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Different levels of cHFNC and sHFNC (4, 6, 8, and 10 liters per minute [LPM], with 2 LPM on expiration for sHFNC) were compared in eight rabbits (mean weight 3.16\u2009kg), before and after acute lung injury (pre\u2010ALI and post\u2010ALI). Edi, tracheal pressure (Ptr), esophageal pressure (Pes), flow, and arterial CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      were measured. In addition to the animal study, one 3.52\u2009kg infant received sHFNC and cHFNC using a Servo\u2010U ventilator.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the animal study, there were more pronounced decreases in Edi, reduced Pes swings and reduced PaCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      at comparable flows during sHFNC compared to cHFNC both pre and post\u2010ALI (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Baseline (pre\u2010inspiratory) Ptr was 2\u22127\u2009cmH\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O greater during cHFNC (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05) indicating more dynamic hyperinflation. In one infant, the ventilator performed as expected, delivering Edi\u2010synchronized high\/low flow.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Synchronizing high flow unloaded breathing, decreased Edi, and reduced PaCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      in an animal model and is feasible in infants.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.27191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T07:44:55Z","timestamp":1721979895000},"page":"3278-3287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Feasibility of synchronized high flow nasal cannula"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9966-0823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David N.","family":"Matlock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences in Little Rock Little Rock Arkansas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science St. Michael's Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Science Technology (iBEST) at Ryerson University and St\u2010Michael's Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Science University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keenan Research 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