{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T12:08:50Z","timestamp":1771243730325,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724630400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) pandemic had a significant impact on tuberculosis (TB) control globally, with the number of new TB diagnoses decreasing. Coinfection with some viruses, especially measles, could aggravate TB in children. This is presumably a result of depressed cellular immunity. Reports on children with TB and SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 coinfection are limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective analysis of children up to 13 years old admitted to Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa, from March 2020 to December 2022 with suspected TB\u2010induced airway compression requiring bronchoscopy. Children were included if they presented with severe intrathoracic airway obstruction and\/or radiographic evidence of complicated TB. The patients were divided into two groups based on SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 respiratory polymerase chain reaction results. Demographics, TB exposure, microbiology, SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 laboratory data, imaging, inflammatory cytokine levels, and bronchoscopy data were collected. Statistical analyses compared SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 positive and negative groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 50 children undergoing bronchoscopy for TB airway obstruction, 7 (14%) were SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 positive. Cough was more prevalent in the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 positive group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04). There was no difference in TB culture yield between groups. However, SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 positive children showed slower radiological improvement at 1 month (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01), pleural effusions (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and a higher need for endoscopic enucleation (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). FDG PET\/CT scans indicated an ongoing inflammation in the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 positive group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Coinfection with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 in children with TB airway obstruction appears to complicate the disease course, necessitating more medical interventions and demonstrating a longer duration of the TB inflammatory process. Further research is needed to understand the impact of viral infections on TB progression and outcomes in pediatric patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.27232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T06:03:37Z","timestamp":1724652217000},"page":"3446-3456","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 coinfection in children with severe airway obstruction due to pulmonary tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1146-1307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P.","family":"Goussard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9245-3282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Van Wyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1803-1740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Venkatakrishna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Radiology The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Rabie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Schubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health Laboratory Service, Department of Pathology, Division of Anatomical Pathology, Tygerberg Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Frigati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Walzl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DSI\u2010NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research and South African Medical Research Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Burger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University  South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Doruyter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University  South Africa"},{"name":"NuMeRI Node for Infection Imaging, Central Analytical Facilities Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Andronikou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Radiology The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. 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