{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T12:07:47Z","timestamp":1771243667712,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726444800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The respiratory microbiota plays a crucial role in the development of tuberculosis (TB). While existing research has underscored imbalances in the respiratory microbiota of adult patients with TB, information regarding the lower respiratory tract (LRT) microbiota in pediatric patients with TB remains scarce.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We employed 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology to investigate the LRT microbial communities of 85 children of different ages with active TB of different severities, 33 children with infectious diseases other than TB, and 48 sex\u2010 and age\u2010matched healthy children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A marked imbalance in the respiratory microbiota was observed in children with TB, highlighted by reduced alpha diversity and a distinct microbial community structure. Comparative analysis indicated that patients with severe TB exhibited lower\n                      <jats:italic>Neisseria<\/jats:italic>\n                      levels than those with non\u2010severe TB (1.01% vs. 3.93%, respectively;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.02).\n                      <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Gemella<\/jats:italic>\n                      levels were lower in bacteriologically confirmed TB cases compared with clinically diagnosed cases, and higher in healthy children younger than 10 years old than in the older group. Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated significant associations between the microbiota of the LRT and cytokine concentrations in the sputum of children with TB (e.g., an inverse correlation between\n                      <jats:italic>Veillonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      and interleukin\u201017A).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TB induced significant dysbiosis in the LRT microbiota of children that was associated with disease severity and the immunological response in the respiratory tract. Our findings may offer a deeper understanding of the role of the respiratory microbiome in TB pathogenesis and progression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.27253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T06:10:21Z","timestamp":1726467021000},"page":"3550-3559","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of lower respiratory tract microbiota associated with pulmonary tuberculosis in children"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Xuemei","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0091-082X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baoding Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University Baoding China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baoding Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University Baoding China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baoding Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University Baoding 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for Children's Health Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanning","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenyang Tenth People's Hospital (Shenyang Chest Hospital) Shenyang Liaoning China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6141-0917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adong","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key 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