{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T18:51:15Z","timestamp":1791571875839,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]],"date-time":"2024-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common syndrome in children. While an adenotonsillectomy is effective for most, it may not be the treatment of choice for all, and possible alternative treatment options are briefly discussed herein. In obese children, in whom OSA is more prevalent, and has high rates of persistence after surgery, weight loss interventions may be recommended. Anti\u2010inflammatory therapies, such as nasal steroids and montelukast, reduce the size of the adenoids and tonsils and are considered part of the stepwise treatment approach. Functional orthodontic therapies may improve OSA as well as orthopedic interventions in children in whom orthodontic indications exist. Positive airway pressure and high flow nasal cannula, stent the airway open and alleviate the obstruction, but adherence may be challenging. Tongue surgery, as well as several additional interventions are further discussed. In conclusion, multiple therapeutic options are available for pediatric OSA. Further studies are required to better identify the children most likely to benefit from these therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.27297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]],"date-time":"2024-10-22T08:53:13Z","timestamp":1729587193000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Treatment of OSA beyond adenotonsillectomy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2565-4185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joel","family":"Reiter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonary &amp; Sleep Unit, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2016.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12227092"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2022.101730"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-017-4545-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.10764"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ppul.27297","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T16:59:34Z","timestamp":1743267574000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ppul.27297"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ppul.27297"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ppul.27297","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-6863","1099-0496"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-6863","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0496","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-18","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}