{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:52:33Z","timestamp":1786978353786,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735603200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The indications for pediatric airway endoscopy are expanding and a variety of therapeutic interventions are feasible for central airway obstruction (CAO) and other central airway pathologies, apart from foreign body removal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective chart review from four centers, we describe the indications, procedures, outcomes, and complications of therapeutic bronchoscopic interventions in children for non foreign\u2010body removal indications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 72 children (mean age:140 [60.4] months) underwent 143 therapeutic bronchoscopic airway interventions under general anesthesia, via a rigid or flexible bronchoscope or both, between January 2015 and November 2023. 67 (93%) had CAO. The most common diagnoses were posttubercular tracheobronchial stenosis (29%) followed by central airway tumor (26%) and postintubation\/posttracheostomy tracheal stenosis (26%). Airway stenosis (subglottic\/tracheal\/bronchial) was the commonest bronchoscopic finding (43 [59.7%]) followed by endoluminal growth\/mass (21 [29.2%]). The most frequently performed procedure was airway dilatation (38, 52.7%), using balloon dilators (89.5%) or rigid bronchoscope (10.5%). Endoluminal tumor debulking was performed in 21 (29%). Assistive modalities included electrocautery (44%), mechanical debulking (10%), cryotherapy (10%), or laser (4%). Airway stent insertion alone or in combination with airway dilatation or debulking was performed in 24 (33.3%) children. The airway conduit used was supraglottic airway in 19 (26%) and rigid bronchoscope in 53 (74%) children. Immediate procedural success was observed in 66 (92%) patients. Fourteen (19.4%) patients had minor procedural complications. Thirty\u2010three (46%) children required a repeat bronchoscopic procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Like adults, multimodality therapeutic bronchoscopic airway interventions are feasible and safe in children for CAO and other central airway indications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.27462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T03:59:56Z","timestamp":1735617596000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Therapeutic Bronchoscopic Interventions for Non Foreign\u2010Body Removal Indications in Children"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5330-6391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karan","family":"Madan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5389-121X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheetal","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India"},{"name":"Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9980-7143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingade T.","family":"Shrikanta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aster CMI Bangalore, Aster RV Bangalore, Aster Women &amp; Children Bangalore Bengaluru 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