{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T10:31:19Z","timestamp":1791973879148,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prolonged or recurrent cough is a common reason for referral to pediatric pulmonologists, yet few studies have assessed its causes. We examined records of children visiting respiratory outpatient clinics in Switzerland and assessed how diagnoses vary by age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed data from the multicenter Swiss Paediatric Airway Cohort study. We included 363 children (median age 6 years, range 0\u201316) referred for prolonged or recurrent cough. From outpatient records, we extracted information on diagnostic investigations, final diagnoses proposed by pediatric pulmonologists, and treatments prescribed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Asthma and asthma\u2010like conditions (cough variant asthma, episodic viral wheeze, and recurrent obstructive bronchitis) were diagnosed in 132 (36%) of 363 children, respiratory tract infections (RTI) including protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) in 51 (14%), upper airway cough syndrome (UACS) in 48 (13%), and postinfectious cough in 36 (10%); other diagnoses including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and somatic cough syndrome or tic cough were found in 23 (6%). No etiology was found in 73 children (20%). Asthma was diagnosed 3.5 times more often in schoolchildren while RTI including PBB was diagnosed three times more often in preschoolers. Inhaled corticosteroids were prescribed for 84% of children diagnosed with asthma and asthma\u2010like conditions, antibiotics for 43% of children with RTI, and nasal corticosteroids for 83% of those with UACS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Coughing children received a wide spectrum of diagnoses that differed between preschool and schoolchildren. Asthma accounted for 36% of diagnoses, which emphasizes the importance of comprehensive investigation beyond asthma in children with prolonged or recurrent cough.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.27499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T07:43:47Z","timestamp":1739346227000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Diagnosis in Children With Prolonged or Recurrent Cough: Findings From the Swiss Paediatric Airway Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3633-8017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Christina","family":"Mallet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine University of Bern Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Graduate School for Health Sciences University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annina","family":"Elmiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2080-2636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Glick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4906-1923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tayisiya","family":"Krasnova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine University of Bern Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Graduate School for Health Sciences University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3051-4542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen C. M.","family":"de Jong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Kern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Kantonsspital Aarau Aarau Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7284-4251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Moeller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Children's Hospital Zurich and Children's Research Center University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Regamey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Paediatric Pulmonology Children's Hospital, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Sutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Practice Worb Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9987-2866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakob","family":"Usemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB) Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0293-9954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva S. 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