{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:52:18Z","timestamp":1786978338470,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Surgical lung biopsy (SLB) is the standard for diagnosing pediatric interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). However, transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) is emerging as a less invasive alternative. We aim to systematically review the efficacy and safety of TBLC in pediatric ILDs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed and Embase databases were searched from inception to December 7, 2023, for TBLC studies in pediatric ILDs. Data on demographics, diagnoses, procedure details, histopathology, diagnostic yield, and complications were collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We retrieved 2093 citations and included 61 patients (age [range] 12 days to 17 years) from eight studies. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, sarcoidosis, and non\u2010specific interstitial pneumonia were the common clinico\u2010radiological diagnoses. Rigid bronchoscopy (median size, 6.5 [range, 3.5\u221211] mm) was used as a conduit in 46% of subjects. The median (range) outer diameter and channel diameter of the flexible bronchoscope were 4.2 (2.8\u22126.2) mm and 2 (1.2\u22122.2) mm, respectively. The median (range) size of the cryoprobe used was 1.9 (1.1\u22122.4) mm, and the median (range) of biopsies per patient was 3 (1\u22125). TBLC's diagnostic yield was 91.8% (95% CI [82.2 to 96.4]), and the rate of major complications (moderate to severe bleeding, pneumothorax requiring intercostal chest tube drainage, exacerbation of ILD, care escalation, or death) was 6.5% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20094).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TBLC offers a high diagnostic yield comparable to SLB while being less invasive. However, this systematic review is limited by small sample size, non\u2010standardized protocols, and lack of comparative trials. Further studies are needed to establish TBLC as a viable alternative to SLB in pediatric ILDs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.71060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T09:25:31Z","timestamp":1742376331000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A Systematic Review of Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy for Pediatric Interstitial Lung Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2695-5975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vikram","family":"Damaraju","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences Mangalagiri India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sravanthi","family":"Vutukuru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery All India Institute of Medical Sciences Mangalagiri India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gayathri","family":"Gandrakota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences Mangalagiri India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adimulam Ganga","family":"Ravindra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences Mangalagiri India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0440-4737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirk","family":"Schramm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology University Children's Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Heinrich\u2010Heine\u2010University D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2350\/06-03-0065.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.10.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00425-2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30342-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000526876"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14353"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2021.1987884"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","unstructured":"G.Wells B.Shea D.O'Connell et al. The Newcastle\u2010Ottawa Scale (nos) for Assessing the Quality of Nonrandomised Studies in Meta\u2010Analyses accessed September 30 2020 http:\/\/www.Ohri.Ca\/programs\/clinical_epidemiology\/oxford.Asp."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-018-1344-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26074"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.12.639"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"826","article-title":"Utility of Transbronchial Cryobiopsy via Flexible Bronchoscope In Diagnosis of Isolated Pulmonary Lch: A Case Report","volume":"90","author":"Balaji B. S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/lungindia.lungindia_217_23"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.1096"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.01.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000517125"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ppul.71060","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T03:43:13Z","timestamp":1748230993000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ppul.71060"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ppul.71060"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ppul.71060","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-6863","1099-0496"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-6863","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0496","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71060"}}