{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T12:09:56Z","timestamp":1780315796192,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterize obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its severity in a referred pediatric population undergoing polysomnography (PSG) evaluation at an aerodigestive clinic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a single institution\n                      <jats:bold>,<\/jats:bold>\n                      retrospective cohort study of 234 aerodigestive children who underwent diagnostic PSG for OSA over 5 years. Demographic, symptom, and respiratory characteristics were collected. Patients\u2019 medical complexity scores (MCS), a comorbidity burden metric on a scale of 0\u20137, were calculated via institution\u2010specific criteria. Kruskal\u2010Wallis rank sum and Fisher's exact tests compared sociodemographic and clinical characteristics by OSA severity. Logistic multivariable regression models identified factors associated with a moderate\/severe OSA diagnosis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 86 children underwent diagnostic PSG. The median age at first study was 2 years; 53% were male, 27% Non\u2010Hispanic White, and 49% Hispanic. OSA was diagnosed in 92% of those who completed a PSG, and the OSA severity was mild in 45.3%, moderate in 26.7%, and severe in 19.8%. Median MCS was 4 with no significant differences between OSA severity groups. Female sex (OR 2.51), age &gt;\u20099 years (OR 3.22), and genetic\/syndromic diagnoses (OR 2.44) were significantly associated with moderate\/severe OSA. Multimodal treatments with pharmacologic therapy, respiratory support, and surgery were most effective in mitigating disease progression compared to single\u2010modalities (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OSA was highly prevalent in this pediatric aerodigestive cohort, with increased likelihood of moderate\/severe disease in females, older children, and those with genetic\/syndromic diagnoses. We observed no association between OSA severity and higher medical complexity. Consequently, OSA screening can be considered in all aerodigestive children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.71630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T06:45:18Z","timestamp":1776926718000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence, Severity, and Associated Risk Factors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in a Pediatric Aerodigestive Population"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Sandhya","family":"Kalavacherla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Diego School of Medicine La Jolla California USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of California San Diego San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzyynong L.","family":"Friesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of California San Diego San Diego California USA"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Rady Children's Hospital San Diego San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7916-067X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy","family":"Landeo\u2010Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Rady Children's Hospital San Diego San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ethan D.","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of California San Diego San Diego California USA"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Rady Children's Hospital San Diego San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thu Elizabeth","family":"Duong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Rady Children's Hospital San Diego San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew T.","family":"Brigger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of California San Diego San Diego California USA"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Rady Children's Hospital San Diego San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aparna","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Rady Children's Hospital San Diego San Diego California 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