{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:47:26Z","timestamp":1791488846638,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bronchiolitis represents a major cause of infant hospitalization, predominantly due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Nirsevimab, a long\u2010acting monoclonal antibody targeting the prefusion RSV F protein, has recently been introduced to provide season\u2010long protection against RSV\u2010related lower respiratory tract infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a multicenter, retrospective, population\u2010based study across the Liguria Region (Northwest Italy) to assess the impact and effectiveness of the 2024\u20132025 nirsevimab immunization campaign. All infants under 2 years of age hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis between October 2023 and March 2025 were identified through the regional pediatric Hub\u2010and\u2010Spoke network. Data were compared between the pre\u2010nirsevimab (2023\u20132024) and post\u2010nirsevimab (2024\u20132025) seasons. Nirsevimab effectiveness (VE) against RSV\u2010positive hospitalization was estimated using a test\u2010negative design.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 858 infants were hospitalized with bronchiolitis across the two seasons. Following the introduction of nirsevimab, bronchiolitis hospitalizations decreased from 41.7 to 17.3 per 1000 admissions (Incidence Rate Ratio 0.4; 95% CI: 0.4\u20130.5;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), corresponding to a 60% reduction. Estimated nirsevimab effectiveness was 65.0% (95% CI: 39.2%\u201379.8%) against RSV\u2010positive hospitalization. No high\u2010risk infants\u2014those previously eligible for palivizumab\u2014developed severe RSV infection requiring PICU admission. Breakthrough infections occurred in a minority of immunized infants but showed a similar clinical course to non\u2010immunized cases.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The introduction of universal nirsevimab immunization in Liguria was associated with a marked reduction in RSV\u2010related hospitalizations, confirming its strong real\u2010world epidemiological impact. These findings support nirsevimab as an effective and feasible public health intervention to substantially reduce the burden of RSV bronchiolitis in infants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.71653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T06:31:19Z","timestamp":1778049079000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Real\u2010World Effectiveness of Universal Nirsevimab on Bronchiolitis Incidence: A Regional Hub\u2010Spoke Surveillance Analysis in Liguria, Italy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Marcello","family":"Mariani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Brisca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Intermediate Care Unit Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina Francesca","family":"Strati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Intermediate Care Unit Genoa Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI) University of Genova Genova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Buratti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Intermediate Care Unit Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Ferretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini Emergency Room and Pediatric Emergency Medicine Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Gaiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini Savona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Musso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini Savona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Gazzolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini Lavagna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Ginocchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini Lavagna 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