{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T14:02:02Z","timestamp":1784728922108,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) represent a significant burden among children globally. The COVID\u201019 pandemic and its associated public health measures disrupted the transmission and detection of common respiratory pathogens. Yet, little is known about how these parameters have changed in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to describe the prevalence, causative pathogens, and seasonal patterns of pediatric ARIs in the UAE during the pre\u2010, during, and post\u2010COVID\u201019 pandemic periods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective observational study included pediatric patients, aged 0\u201318 years, diagnosed with ARIs across one hospital network between 2019 and 2024. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 and compared across three distinct time periods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 20,976 cases were included in the analysis. Of these, 11,248 (53.6%) were male, with a median age of 5 (IQR\u2009=\u20092,9). Overall, the most frequently detected pathogens were\n                      <jats:italic>Human Rhinovirus\/Enterovirus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (34.6%), COVID\u201019 (22.6%), and\n                      <jats:italic>Influenza A<\/jats:italic>\n                      (14.8%). Seasonal peaks of all pathogens except\n                      <jats:italic>Adenovirus<\/jats:italic>\n                      became less pronounced after the pandemic, with reduced quarter\u2010to\u2010quarter variability in detection rates rather than a single dominant seasonal peak. We observed a shift in the peak of\n                      <jats:italic>Human Rhinovirus\/Enterovirus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , from Q1 pre\u2010pandemic to Q4 post\u2010pandemic.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pediatric ARI patterns in the UAE changed during the COVID\u201019 pandemic, with an increase in cases after 2021 and a shift in seasonality for many common causative pathogens. COVID\u201019 was predominant during the pandemic, yet\n                      <jats:italic>Human Rhinovirus\/Enterovirus<\/jats:italic>\n                      remained the most common pathogen overall.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.71663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T13:21:26Z","timestamp":1778937686000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence of Acute Respiratory Infections Pre\u2010, During, and Post\u2010COVID\u201019 Pandemic Period Among the Pediatric Population in the United Arab Emirates: A Retrospective Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2429-4176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mazen","family":"Alhaj Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2939-8331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saif Eddin","family":"Mansour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9513-9885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Albara'","family":"Alshalkhaty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5867-4200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Obada","family":"Al\u2010Wawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5902-0423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mukram","family":"Jamour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3303-5829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rabia","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics American Hospital Dubai United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0176-1114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arun","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics American Hospital Dubai United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8611-7979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omendra","family":"Narayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric Pulmonology American Hospital Dubai United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_16_2_1","volume-title":"Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries","author":"Simoes E. 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