{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T23:43:31Z","timestamp":1787701411963,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#178387"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#178387"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Congenital lung malformations (CLM) are developmental anomalies that may predispose to respiratory morbidity. Their association with asthma remains unclear, largely due to small series and the lack of population\u2010based controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate asthma prevalence and related outcomes in children with CLM compared to population controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a population\u2010based case\u2010control study linking CLM patients from a surgical registry to provincial health data. Each CLM patient was linked to up to ten date\u2010of\u2010birth\u2010matched controls. Asthma was defined by ICD\u20109\/10 codes from age \u22655 years. Outcomes included asthma prevalence, time to first diagnosis, recurrent medical encounters, and pharmacotherapy patterns. Analyses yielded risk ratios (RR), adjusted hazard ratios (aHR), and adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty\u2010nine CLM cases and 486 controls were included. Asthma was diagnosed in 19 (38.8%) CLM cases versus 76 (15.6%) controls (RR\u2009=\u20092.48, 95% CI [1.65\u20133.73];\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The RR did not differ between surgically and conservatively managed CLM cases (RR\u2009=\u20092.87, 95% CI [0.45\u201318.32];\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.234). CLM cases had a threefold higher hazard of asthma (aHR\u2009=\u20093.24, 95% CI [1.84\u20135.71];\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Female cases were particularly affected (aHR\u2009=\u20093.92, 95% CI [1.98\u20137.74];\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with no difference observed in males (aHR\u2009=\u20091.98, 95% CI [0.90\u20134.37];\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.092). Annually, CLM patients accumulated 71% more asthma\u2010related encounters (aIRR\u2009=\u20091.71, 95% CI [1.28\u20132.25];\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children with CLM are at increased risk of asthma, especially females, with earlier onset and more frequent encounters. These findings highlight the need for long\u2010term respiratory follow\u2010up and objective validation of asthma diagnoses in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.71714","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T22:35:27Z","timestamp":1782858927000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Asthma in Children With Congenital Lung Malformations: A Population\u2010Based Case\u2010Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8432-0414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louis W. J.","family":"Dossche","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"},{"name":"Erasmus MC\u2014Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghazale","family":"Farjam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius J. P.","family":"Zuidweg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"},{"name":"Erasmus MC\u2014Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaikh","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Respirology University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4910-8293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. Marco","family":"Schnater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus MC\u2014Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suyin A.","family":"Lum Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Keijzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4160-6127-4.00022-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.15100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.4507"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2022.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000004566"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2017.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-2988"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103051"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2018.02.065"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2012.01.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.27420"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.71225"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-071989"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2015.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2015.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23889\/ijpds.v4i2.1131"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","volume-title":"Privacy Code","author":"Manitoba Centre for Health Policy","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","volume-title":"Composite Measures\/Indices of Health and Health System Performance","author":"Metge C.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","unstructured":"Income Quintiles\u2014Child Health Income Quintiles. 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