{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T05:19:45Z","timestamp":1788239985349,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006706","name":"Tampereen Tuberkuloosis\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006706","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004037","name":"Juho Vainion S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004037","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rhinoviruses (RV) are the most common pathogens causing respiratory tract infections, and early childhood RV wheezing illnesses are a known risk factor for childhood asthma. The role of acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) caused by different RV species in asthma development is not well known.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a nested case\u2010control study in a birth cohort of 923 children followed prospectively from birth to age 7 years. Nasal swab samples collected during acute respiratory tract infections (ARI) at age 0\u201324 months were analyzed by PCR, and RV\u2010positive samples were genotyped. Each case with asthma at age 7 years was matched with three cohort children without asthma. Conditional logistic regression was used to test associations between RV wheezing illnesses or RV URTIs and asthma risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We identified 56 cases and 168 matched controls. In total, 807 RV\u2010positive samples were successfully classified. Wheezing illnesses caused by RV\u2010A and RV\u2010C at age 0\u201324 months were associated with an increased risk of asthma at age 7 years (for RV\u2010A, odds ratio [OR]: 1.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05\u20132.43,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03; for RV\u2010C, OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.11\u20132.49,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01). RV\u2010A, RV\u2010B, or RV\u2010C positive URTIs were not associated with asthma risk.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both RV\u2010A and RV\u2010C \u2010induced early wheezing illnesses were associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma. Acute URTIs caused by RV\u2010A, RV\u2010B, or RV\u2010C were not associated with asthma risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.71782","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T08:01:48Z","timestamp":1786348908000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rhinovirus Species in Acute Respiratory Tract Infections and the Risk of Asthma in Children"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6044-2625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ville","family":"Forsstr\u00f6m","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Turku University Hospital and University of Turku Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6747-0889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matti","family":"Waris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Unit, Institute of Biomedicine University of Turku Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3529-2747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ville","family":"Peltola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Turku University Hospital and University of Turku Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Toivonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Turku University Hospital and University of Turku Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.14.0170"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-2196"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009748"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.95.08030349"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)90437-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2003.33"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)10321-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad093"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12162-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2018.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6989.1225"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.053686-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-019-04520-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2022.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201202-0330OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.24587"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piad018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2019.0384"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201705-1021OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1421178112"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2830"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys150"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-1309"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-0421"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa262"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01646-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2014.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2015.07.294"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201702-0357OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201609-1812OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.08.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02395-2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201803-0575OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abq5126"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2018.12.1004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.07.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.04.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.12.991"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad075"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ppul.71782","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ppul.71782","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ppul.71782","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T05:04:32Z","timestamp":1788239072000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ppul.71782"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ppul.71782"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ppul.71782","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-6863","1099-0496"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-6863","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0496","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71782"}}