{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:55:00Z","timestamp":1791294900178,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004888","name":"Illinois Department of Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004888","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Asthma is common in children, but many do not have access to a personal inhaler at school. The Resources for Every School Confronting Unexpected Emergencies\u2010 Illinois (RESCUE\u2010IL) program provided stock undesignated asthma medication for respiratory distress to 77% of Illinois schools over the first implementation year (2023\u20132024). A qualitative study was conducted to examine utilization experiences with emphasis on program benefits and barriers in the inaugural year of RESCUE\u2010IL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interviews were conducted from March to May 2024. Primary data was collected from trained Illinois school health staff who had administered a stock inhaler in the 2023\u20132024 school year. Semi\u2010structured interviews were transcribed, de\u2010identified, and qualitatively coded in Dedoose. Thematic data analysis using a hybrid inductive and deductive approach based on grounded theory was performed by trained researchers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Out of 37 nurses interested, 24 participated. The first theme surrounding stock inhaler benefits included the program's ability to address asthma burden, health equity concerns, and improve student\u2010level outcomes. Barriers included administrative support and non\u2010health staff training, among others. Stock inhaler utilization experiences referred to events leading up to the respiratory event, its management, student disposition and follow\u2010up demonstrating the program's effectiveness. The final theme\u2014RESCUE\u2010IL implementation and support\u2014pertained to logistics regarding program startup, training, supplies, and event documentation. Overall, participants felt the program enhanced accessibility and ability to de\u2010escalate events, but there were concerns regarding protocols and reporting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A statewide stock inhaler program allowed respiratory distress de\u2010escalation in schools. These real\u2010world experiences by nurses highlight the need for ongoing funding and expansion. Further research is needed to ensure comprehensive training is universally available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.71816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T07:17:05Z","timestamp":1787901425000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Statewide Implementation of Stock Inhaler Programming: Respiratory Distress De\u2010Escalation, Implementation and Utilization Experiences"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7357-5322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paige","family":"Hardy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois Chicago Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haania","family":"Rizwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7279-0051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lynn B.","family":"Gerald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois Chicago Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Knitter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Pediatrics University of Chicago Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Volerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Pediatrics University of Chicago Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica","family":"Salem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Health Association Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naomi","family":"Soto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Asthma Impact and Rescue St. Louis Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Asthma Impact and Rescue St. Louis Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam","family":"Weigley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Asthma Impact and Rescue St. Louis Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4901-3465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea A.","family":"Pappalardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois Chicago Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Most Recent National Asthma Data. May 10 2024 Accessed December 15 2025 https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/asthma\/most_recent_national_asthma_data.htm."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","first-page":"13","volume-title":"Illinois Childhood Asthma Surveillance Report, 2011\u20102014","author":"Labgold C.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. AsthmaStats: Uncontrolled Asthma Among Children With Current Asthma 2018\u20132020. March 29 2024 Accessed December 15 2025 https:\/\/archive.cdc.gov\/www_cdc_gov\/asthma\/asthma_stats\/uncontrolled-asthma-children-2018-2020.htm."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aller.2020.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd16.190074"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","first-page":"497","article-title":"An Overview of Health Disparities in Asthma","volume":"94","author":"Perez M. F.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201901-0016OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd21.230449"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/pxaa004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-019-08735-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2018.01.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201804-0682CI"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02770903.2023.2200842"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ped.2011.0118"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","volume-title":"Asthma Policies in Illinois Schools: Knowledge, Implementation, and Challenges","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202106-1550ST"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","unstructured":"Public Act 100\u20100726;2019 https:\/\/www.ilga.gov\/legislation\/publicacts\/fulltext.asp?Name=100-0726."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","volume-title":"The Administration of Undesignated Asthma Medication, School Year 2022\u201023","author":"Sanders T.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","unstructured":"Respiratory Health Association Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America2024. RESCUE Illinois Schools: 2023\u20102024 Report. Accessed December 15 2025 https:\/\/www.isbe.net\/Documents\/Year-One-RESCUE-Report.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.01.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","unstructured":"American Lung Association. Funding and Sustaining an Emergency Stock Asthma Medication Program Accessed December 15 2025 https:\/\/www.lung.org\/getmedia\/443cfa40-d780-4ae6-8fcf-35b810230f91\/SAM-Guidance_Funding.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","volume-title":"State of Illinois First to Fund School Asthma Program\u2014Rescue Program Aims to Keep Kids with Asthma in School","author":"Respiratory Health Association, Allergy and Asthma Foundation","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","unstructured":"Allergy and Asthma Impact and Rescue. RESCUE in Illinois.2025 Accessed December 15 2025 https:\/\/weareaair.org\/how-we-help\/school-programs\/illinois-schools\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00988593"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","volume-title":"\"Grounded Theory\" Found in Qualitative Research","author":"Charmaz K.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","unstructured":"Code Co\u2010Occurrence. 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