{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:53:40Z","timestamp":1791294820002,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is the most common non\u2010infectious complication of allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and is associated with poor outcomes. Hyperpolarized\n                      <jats:sup>129<\/jats:sup>\n                      Xe MRI (Xe\u2010MRI) holds promise for sensitive and non\u2010ionizing imaging of lung ventilation in children and has been explored in the post\u2010HSCT population. However, previous work was weighted towards children without BOS. In this pilot cross\u2010sectional study, we hypothesize that ventilation abnormalities measured with Xe\u2010MRI are increased in pediatric post\u2010HSCT participants with BOS compared to those without.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two groups of pediatric post\u2010HSCT participants were recruited: those with a diagnosis or clinical findings consistent with BOS and those without. Xe\u2010MRI was performed to calculate the ventilation defect percentage (VDP) and ventilation heterogeneity index (VHI) in all subjects. Group\u2010wise differences were tested with Mann\u2010Whitney\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010test. Xe\u2010MRI was compared to same\u2010day spirometry and nitrogen multiple breath washout (MBW).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twelve (6 non\u2010BOS and 6 BOS) participants aged 9\u201317 years (median 12.5 years) were recruited. VDP (median [range]) was elevated (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) in participants with BOS (11.8 [4.3, 20.8]%) compared to those without BOS (4.0 [3.1, 4.9]%). A similar elevation (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01) in VHI was observed in those with BOS (12.1 [8.3, 16.3])%) compared to those without (7.4 [7.4, 8.1]%). Both VDP and VHI were correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1\u2010second (FEV\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) and the lung clearance index (LCI), while VDP also correlated with FEV\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      over forced vital capacity ratio (FEV\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/FVC).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Xe\u2010MRI ventilation measures were elevated in pediatric post\u2010HSCT participants within the BOS group compared to those without BOS and correlated with same\u2010day spirometry and MBW.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.71818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T10:27:16Z","timestamp":1788431236000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hyperpolarized\n                    <sup>129<\/sup>\n                    Xe MRI in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients With and Without Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5645-0180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brandon","family":"Zanette","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4756-7536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faiyza S.","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biophysics The University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4057-6592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"Ratjen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics The University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tal","family":"Schechter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics The University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joerg","family":"Krueger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics The University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giles","family":"Santyr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biophysics The University of Toronto Toronto Ontario 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