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The primary defect in PCOS consists of an exaggerated androgen secretion by the ovaries and the adrenal glands of affected women, which is amplified by several mechanisms including abdominal adiposity and insulin resistance. Abdominal adiposity contributes to hyperandrogenism by favoring insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinism, because insulin facilitates ovarian and adrenal androgen synthesis, among other mechanisms. Furthermore, mounting evidence suggest that androgen excess may also contribute to a predominantly abdominal disposition of body fat in women, suggesting that women with PCOS suffer from a vicious circle whereby androgen excess favoring the abdominal deposition of fat further facilitates androgen secretion by the ovaries and adrenals. Familial aggregation of PCOS cases suggests an inherited component in PCOS, yet the genetic mechanisms underlying this inheritance remain elusive. The present manuscript reviews the hypothesis\u2010free approaches \u2013 such as genomics and proteomics \u2013 that have been used recently to study PCOS, focusing on studies from our group addressing the gene expression profiles and the proteome of visceral adipose tissue of morbidly obese women presenting with or without PCOS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.200780031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,3]],"date-time":"2008-03-03T16:01:26Z","timestamp":1204560086000},"page":"444-455","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Proteomics and genomics: A hypothesis\u2010free approach to the study of the role of visceral adiposity in the pathogenesis of the polycystic ovary syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"H\u00e9ctor F.","family":"Escobar\u2010Morreale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Insenser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Cort\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 L. 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