{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T21:57:15Z","timestamp":1783461435382,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11-12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,28]],"date-time":"2011-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proteomics Clinical Apps"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Introduction<\/jats:bold>: Humoral immune responses play a pivotal role in naturally acquired immunity to malaria. Understanding which humoral responses are impaired among individuals at higher risk for malaria may improve our understanding of malaria immune control and contribute to vaccine development.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>: We compared humoral responses with 483 <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> antigens between adults in, Kisumu (high, year\u2010long malaria transmission leading to partial immunity), and adults in Kisii (low, seasonal malaria transmission). Then within each site, we compared malaria\u2010specific humoral responses between those at higher risk for malaria (CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2264500) and those at lower risk for malaria (CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>&gt;500). A protein microarray chip containing 483 <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> antigens and 71 HIV antigens was used. Benjamini\u2013Hochberg adjustments were made to control for multiple comparisons.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>: Fifty\u2010seven antigens including CSP, MSP1, LSA1 and AMA1 were identified as significantly more reactive in Kisumu than in Kisii. Ten of these antigens had been identified as protective in an earlier study. CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2010cell count did not significantly impact humoral responses.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>: Protein microarrays are a useful method to screen multiple humoral responses simultaneously. This study provides useful clues for potential vaccine candidates. Modest decreases in CD4 counts may not significantly impact malaria\u2010specific humoral immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.201100021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,28]],"date-time":"2011-09-28T13:50:14Z","timestamp":1317217814000},"page":"613-623","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Humoral immune responses to <i>Plasmodium falciparum<\/i> among HIV\u20101\u2010infected Kenyan adults"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Obinna N.","family":"Nnedu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael P.","family":"O'Leary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Mutua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beth","family":"Mutai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mina","family":"Kalantari\u2010Dehaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Al","family":"Jasinskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rie","family":"Nakajima\u2010Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"John\u2010Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phelgona","family":"Otieno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowu","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Waitumbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Kimani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Camerini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip L.","family":"Felgner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judd L.","family":"Walson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Vigil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","unstructured":"World Malaria Report \u2013 Published by the World Health Organization2008.www.who.int\/malaria\/wmr2008."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.f.205"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/192733a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1964.13.237"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1991.45.297"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000172151.28851.fd"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.8.4320-4325.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/526787"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2006.081695"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(01)02278-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01585-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/192733a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1991.45.297"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/426398"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040320"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jinf.2002.1088"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.1996.d01-116.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16354-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.68.376","article-title":"Short report: analysis of anti\u2010malaria immune response during human immunodeficiency virus infection in adults in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo","volume":"68","author":"Kashamuka M.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. 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