{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T19:46:35Z","timestamp":1724442395590},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,18]],"date-time":"2015-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1447804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proteomics Clinical Apps"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty to 50% of HIV patients develop HIV\u2010associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) despite combined antiretroviral therapy. HIV\u20101\u2010infected macrophages release viral and cellular proteins that induce neuronal degeneration and death. We hypothesize that changes in the macrophage secretome of HIV\u20101 seropositive patients with HAND may dissect proteins related to neurotoxicity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Experimental design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Monocyte\u2010derived macrophages (MDMs) were isolated from the peripheral blood of 12 HIV+ and four HIV\u2212 women characterized for neurocognitive function. Serum\u2010free MDM supernatants were collected for protein isolation and quantification with iTRAQ\u00ae labeling. Protein identification was performed using a LTQ Orbitrap Velos mass spectrometer and validated in MDM supernatants and in plasma using ELISA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three proteins were different between normal cognition (NC) and asymptomatic neurocognitive disorders (ANI), six between NC and HIV\u2010associated dementia (HAD), and six between NC and HAD. Among these, S100A9 was decreased in plasma from patients with ANI, and metalloproteinase 9 was decreased in the plasma of all HIV+ patients regardless of cognitive status, and was significantly reduced in supernatant of MDM isolated from patients with ANI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and clinical relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>S100A9 and metalloproteinase 9 have been associated with inflammation and cognitive impairment, and therefore represent potential targets for HAND treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.201400203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,29]],"date-time":"2015-07-29T10:29:50Z","timestamp":1438165790000},"page":"136-143","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Macrophage secretome from women with HIV\u2010associated neurocognitive 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