{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T00:30:11Z","timestamp":1790469011381,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5-6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,17]],"date-time":"2015-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001602","name":"Science Foundation Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["05\/YI2\/B696"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["05\/YI2\/B696"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001602","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine","award":["RSF06 363"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSF06 363"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proteomics Clinical Apps"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pathogenic leptospires colonize the renal tubules of reservoir hosts of infection and are excreted via urine into the environment. Asymptomatic reservoir hosts include a wide range of domestic and wild animal species and include cattle, dogs, and rats that can persistently excrete large numbers of pathogenic leptospires over many months. A similar presentation has been observed in humans categorized as \u201clong\u2010term asymptomatic individuals\u201d as they excreted leptospires in the absence of any clinical symptoms or positive serology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Experimental design<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the current study, the urine of experimentally infected rats, which showed no clinical signs or positive serology, was analyzed by CE\u2010MS to identify urinary biomarkers of chronic infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A discriminating peptide pattern of 43 polypeptides provided a sensitivity of 93%, a specificity of 83%, and an accuracy of 90% for the identification of urine from chronically infected rats (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.05, AUC &gt; 90%). The majority of discriminating peptides were decreased in abundance in urine of chronically infected rats, including a peptide derived from neprilysin, a membrane metalloendopeptidase, the expression of which has previously been shown to be diminished in infected urine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion and clinical relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results highlight the diagnostic capabilities of urinary biomarkers to identify reservoir hosts of leptospirosis using CE coupled to MS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.201400205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,3]],"date-time":"2015-03-03T10:04:19Z","timestamp":1425377059000},"page":"543-551","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Detection of urinary biomarkers in reservoir hosts of leptospirosis by capillary electrophoresis\u2010mass spectrometry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Jarlath E.","family":"Nally","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine University College Dublin Belfield Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Mullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John J.","family":"Callanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ross University School of Medicine St. Kitts West Indies"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harald","family":"Mischak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow Glasgow UK"},{"name":"Mosaiques diagnostics Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amaya","family":"Albalat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences University of Stirling Stirling UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00830-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"Animal leptospirosis","volume":"387","author":"Ellis W. A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","author":"Faine S.","journal-title":"Leptospira and Leptospirosis"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens3020280"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2010.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2013.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00511-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-010-0991-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780471729259.mc12e03s20"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003338"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003280"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Establishment of valid laboratory case definition for human leptospirosis","volume":"3","author":"Goris M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol. Parasitol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1991.52.11.1761","article-title":"Survey to estimate prevalence of Leptospira interrogans infection in mature cattle in the United States","volume":"52","author":"Miller D.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000612"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.201300038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.201000155"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0051334"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2013.04.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.200900030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096955"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822002000400017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63198-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","volume-title":"Spirochetes in Body Fluids and Tissues","author":"Miller J. N.","year":"1971"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12252"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013051"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-296-4_12"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf203369r"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(06)70584-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034606"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/pr800401m"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-11-594"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035879"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200500827"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0026046"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.26.3.341"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.131.19.435"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","first-page":"169013","article-title":"Prolonged leptospira urinary shedding in a 10\u2010year\u2010old girl","volume":"2012","author":"Chow E.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Case Rep. Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003359"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200108)22:14<3043::AID-ELPS3043>3.0.CO;2-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0104625"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.200700195"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1997.35"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2683(19990101)20:4\/5<836::AID-ELPS836>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-14-132"}],"container-title":["PROTEOMICS \u2013 Clinical Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fprca.201400205","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fprca.201400205","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/prca.201400205","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T15:34:05Z","timestamp":1717774445000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/prca.201400205"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,17]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5-6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/prca.201400205"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/prca.201400205","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1862-8346","1862-8354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1862-8346","type":"print"},{"value":"1862-8354","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-12-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-02-26","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-04-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}