{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T10:06:09Z","timestamp":1753869969561,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiotherapy Res Intl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Exercise protocols are promising interventions to improve PD symptoms, however, the best modality and its neural correlates are still unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the effects of the aerobic, strength and task\u2010oriented upper\u2010limb exercises in motor function, manual dexterity, and brain oscillations of individuals with PD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this clinical trial, 44 PD patients aged 40\u201380\u00a0years will be randomized in four groups: aerobic training (AT), strength training (ST), task\u2010oriented training (TOT), and waiting list group (CG). The AT group will perform 30\u00a0min of a cycle ergometer on 50%\u201370% of the reserve heart rate. The ST group will use equipment for upper limb muscles and will perform two series of 8\u201312 repetitions for each exercise, and intensity between 50% and 70% of one maximum repetition will be used. The TOT group will perform a program consisting of three activities to enhance reaching, grasping, and manipulation. All the groups will perform three sessions per week for 8\u00a0weeks. We will use the UPDRS Motor function section, Nine\u2010Hole Peg Test, and quantitative electroencephalography to measure motor function, manual dexterity, and brain oscillations, respectively. ANOVA and regression models will be used to compare outcomes within and between groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pri.2009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T18:23:20Z","timestamp":1683224600000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exercise effects on motor function, manual dexterity, and brain oscillatory activity in individuals with Parkinson's disease: Randomized controlled trial protocol"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9507-2215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryela de Oliveira","family":"Menacho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy Federal University of Sao Carlos  Sao Carlos Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7166-2816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Pacheco\u2010Barrios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n para la Generaci\u00f3n y S\u00edntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Vicerrectorado de Investigaci\u00f3n Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola  Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9497-0707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Augusto J.","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging LANVIE University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"},{"name":"Geneva Memory Center Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics Geneva University Hospitals  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8797-8981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatiana de Oliveira","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Therapy Department Federal University of Sao Carlos  Sao Carlos Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9359-8643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe","family":"Fregni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7334-3835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Carolyna Lepesteur","family":"Gianloren\u00e7o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Physical Therapy Department Federal University of Sao Carlos  Sao Carlos Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.12568"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S68779"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2018.09.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474\u20104422(18)30295\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.12632"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23829"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21683"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22340"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2007.131045"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8961493"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072\u2010019\u201004106\u20109"},{"volume-title":"European physiotherapy guideline for Parkinson\u2019s disease","year":"2014","author":"Keus S. 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